Personal Notes
Preface to the Updated Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Acknowledgments
Chronology
Abbreviations and Acronyms
1. "Wheelchair Bound" and "The Poster Child"
FDR, the "Cured Cripple" • League of the Physically Handicapped • The March of Dimes • Parent-Initiated Childhood Disability Organizations • The Poster Child and the Telethon • Changing Views of Disability in the United States
2. Seeing by Touch, Hearing by Sign
Blindness and Deafness: A Comparison • Sign Language and Oralism • Braille and Talking Books • Sheltered Workshops • The Lighthouse • Mobility for Blind People: Guide Dogs and White Canes • Jacobus tenBroek and the National Federation of the Blind • NYC Subway Gates: A Controversy in the Blind Community • NFB: Trailblazer for Sections 504 and 501 • NFB and ACB: Different Approaches to Blindness • Deafness as Culture • American Sign Language • The Gallaudet University Uprising • Black Deaf Advocates • Education of Deaf Children • Helen Keller, the Social Reformer
3. Deinstitutionalization and Independent Living
Deinstitutionalization • Early Accessibility Efforts in the Colleges • Ed Roberts and the Independent Living Movement • Proliferation of the Independent Living Concept • Characteristics of Independent Living Centers • Independent Living as an Extension of Rehabilitation • Evaluation of the Independent Living Movement • Independent Living and the New Disability Activism
4. Groundbreaking Disability Rights Legislation: Section 504
The Cherry Lawsuit for the Section 504 Regulations • Section 504 as a Spur to Political Organizing • ACCD, Propelling Section 504 • The Section 504 Demonstrations • The Transbus Controversy • Accessible Transit and New York City • Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) • California Accessible Buses • Mainstreaming Public Transit • The Civil Rights Significance of Accessible Transportation
5. The Struggle for Change: In the Streets and in the Courts
Disabled In Action • New York Lawyers for the Public Interest • Recognizing Disability as a Civil Rights Issue • Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund • The Need for Disability Rights Attorneys • ADAPT • Justice For All
6. The Americans with Disabilities Act
Enacting the ADA • The ADA and Section 504 • Title I: Employment • Title III: Public Accommodation • Title II: Public Services (State and Local Government) • Title II: Public Transportation • Title IV: National Telephone Relay Service • Title V: Miscellaneous • The Supreme Court and the ADA • The Myth of "The Disability Lobby" • Backlash • Every American’s Insurance Policy Log
7. Access to Jobs and Health Care
Employment Discrimination • Affirmative Action • Disability Employment in Corporate America • Employment of People with Developmental Disabilities • Employment of People with Psychiatric Disabilities • The Criminalization of People with Psychiatric Disabilities • Different Approaches to Psychiatric Disabilities • Mangled Care • A Two-Tier Health Care System • People with Special Needs in Managed Care • An Arbitrary Patchwork • Falling through the Cracks: Children with Special Health Needs • Long-Term Care in the Community • Health Policy Reforms • The Nexus between Jobs and Health Care
8. "Not Dead Yet" and Physician-Assisted Suicide
Opposition to "the Death Train" • The Supreme Court • AIDS Activists • Pain Management • Focus on Cure: A Pernicious Message • The Eugenics Movement and Euthanasia • The Politics of Physician-Assisted Suicide • Netherlands "Slippery Slope" vs. U.S. "Political Strategy" • First-Year Report on Physician-Assisted Suicide in Oregon • Legalizing Disability Discrimination • Dangers of an Inflexible Law • "A Better Solution" • The Distinction between Severe Disability and Terminal Illness
9. Disability and Technology
Universal Design • Accessible Taxis • Teletypewriters and Relay Systems • A Clash of Cultures • The One-Step Campaign • Wheelchair Ingenuity • Accessible Classrooms and Laboratories • The Computer as an Accommodation • Psychopharmacology • Bioethical Dilemmas • The Internet and a Miracle Baby • Medical and Genetic Information • "Slash, Burn, and Poison" • Transforming Scientific Orthodoxy: AIDS Activism • Toward a New Vision: Three Queries
10. Disabled Veterans Claim Their Rights
Legislation and Self-Advocacy • Rehabilitation: The Man, Not the Wound • Paralyzed Veterans of America • Automobiles: Opening "New Vistas" • The Pattern of Denial • Atomic and Chemical Guinea Pigs • Holding a Nation Accountable
11. Education: Integration in the Least Restrictive Environment
A "Quiet Revolution" • Enforcing the IDEA: Early Efforts • Least Restrictive Environment • An Appropriate Identity • The IDEA in the Courts • The Special Education Controversy • Somnolent Samantha • A Microcosm of the Real World
12. Identity and Culture
Three Strands of the Movement • Disability Pride: Celebrating Difference • Changing Perceptions and the Media • Assessment of the Movement • A Stealth Movement
13. Disability Rights in the Twenty-First Century
Olmstead and the Community Choice Act • “Visitability” • Psychiatric Survivors and Consumers • The New Eugenics • Physician-Assisted Suicide • Media, Technology, and Disability Culture • Disabled Veterans • Activists Assess Progress in Securing Disability Rights • Disability Rights Attorneys Speak • Perceptions of Disability
Notes
Index