Within the wide and fascinating field of radar techniques and systems, this book describes in detail a number of areas of research related to system architecture and design, phenomenology, array antennas and signal processing.

This book introduces advanced sparsity-driven models and methods and their applications in radar tasks such as detection, imaging and classification. Compressed sensing (CS) is one of the most active topics in the signal processing area. By exploiting and promoting the sparsity of the signals of interest, CS offers a new framework for reducing data without compromising the performance of signal recovery, or for enhancing resolution without increasing measurements.

Advances in Bistatic Radar updates and extends bistatic and multistatic radar developments since the publication of Willis' Bistatic Radar in 1991. New and recently declassified military applications are documented, civil applications are detailed including commercial and scientific systems and leading radar engineers provide expertise to each of these applications. Advances in Bistatic Radar consists of two major sections: Bistatic/Multistatic Radar Systems and Bistatic Clutter and Signal Processing. Starting with a history update, the first section documents the early and now declassified military AN/FPS-23 Fluttar DEW-Line Gap-filler, and high frequency (HF) bistatic radars developed for missile attack warning. It then documents the recently developed passive bistatic and multistatic radars exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters for military and civilian air surveillance. Next, the section documents scientific bistatic radar systems for planetary exploration, which have exploited data link transmitters over the last forty years; ionospheric measurements, again exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters; and 3-D wind field measurements using a bistatic receiver hitchhiking off doppler weather radars. This last application has been commercialized. The second section starts by documenting the full, unclassified bistatic clutter scattering coefficient data base, along with the theory and analysis supporting its development. The section then details two major clutter-related developments, spotlight bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which can now generate high resolution images using bistatic autofocus and related techniques; and adaptive moving target indication (MTI), which allows cancellation of nonstationary clutter generated by moving (i.e. airborne) platforms through the use of bistatic space-time adaptive processing (STAP).

After nearly 50 years of sustained research and 30 years of operational deployment, research in weather radars has witnessed tremendous growth over the past decade and is now spilling over to novel applications and geographies. This book provides a systematic and thorough review of advances in research, developments, and technologies in the field.

After nearly 50 years of sustained research and 30 years of operational deployment, research in weather radars has witnessed tremendous growth over the past decade and is now spilling over to novel applications and geographies. This book provides a systematic and thorough review of advances in research, developments, and technologies in the field.

After nearly 50 years of sustained research and 30 years of operational deployment, research in weather radars has witnessed tremendous growth over the past decade and is now spilling over to novel applications and geographies. This book provides a systematic and thorough review of advances in research, developments, and technologies in the field.

Supported by 202 equations and 170 illustrations, Airborne Early Warning System Concepts is an invaluable reference tool for a wide audience. It will be a welcome library addition for the engineer, scientist, system integrator, user, designer, or manager with interest in AEW concepts. It is also suitable for students and professors of electrical and system engineering or military science. This comprehensive discussion of airborne early warning (AEW) system concepts encompasses a wide range of issues, including capabilities and limitations, developmental trends and opportunities for improvement. Consisting of contributions from experts in the field, the book is presented at varying levels of complexity, ranging from elementary to advanced. For the generalist, the text provides a fundamental understanding of the status of AEW concepts with the use of only elementary mathematics. For the specialist, there are separate chapters that emphasize key AEW radar issues.

This new book from Richard Klemm, author of the highly successful Principles of Space-time Adaptive Processing (IEE,2002), examines the various applications of space-time adaptive processing including applications in OTH-radar, ground target tracking, STAP in real world clutter environments, jammer cancellation, superresolution, active sonar, seismics and communications. Including contributions from distinguished international authors, the book provides a unique overview of the field of space-time procesing. The book is divided in two parts; the first dealing with the classical adaptive suppression of airbourne and space based radar clutter and the second comprising of miscellaneous applications in other fields such as communications, underwater sound and seismics.

The need to enhance the safety and efficiency of aviation systems has escalated with increasing aviation activity and competitiveness around the world. Weather, which is one of the principal factors affecting aviation performance, is acquiring ever more importance as aviation is poised to shift to futuristic paradigms such as free flight. Advanced systems and approaches to the surveillance of weather and the resultant generation of highly processed, detailed, accurate and reliable weather data, are becoming integral parts of support systems for navigation and air traffic management.

Using Ukraine as a case-in-point, Svitlana Krasynska engages diverse bodies of literature and rich empirical data to reveal the vital role and unique potential of below-the-radar civic engagement in contexts where informal practices abound—a phenomenon largely neglected by scholars of civil society who traditionally focus on formal civic organizations.

Civil society in Eastern Europe has long been labeled weak based on a general lack of citizen participation in formal civil society organizations—a key criterion for assessing civic engagement in comparative studies. However, such assessment of civil society fails to recognize the role and impact of informal civic engagement in contexts where informality permeates economic, political, and social spheres. Ukraine offers a valuable counterargument of the importance of informal civil society in Eastern Europe, especially in the post-Soviet countries.

Krasynska convincingly shows that informality constitutes an essential component of civil society, shaping popular approaches to addressing social, economic, and political issues. The trailblazing findings in Below the Radar will be of interest to scholars of democratization, informality, and area studies, and they will aid development practitioners and policy makers in determining a more effective approach to helping fledgling democracies around the world.

Nature presents examples of active sensing which are unique, sophisticated and incredibly fascinating. There are animals that sense the environment actively, for example through echolocation, which have evolved their capabilities over millions of years and that, as a result of evolution, have developed unique in-built sensing mechanisms that are often the envy of synthetic systems.

This is the only English language book on bistatic radar. It starts with James Casper's fine chapter in the first edition of Skolnik's Radar Handbook (1970), capturing previously unpublished work before 1970. It then summarizes and codifies subsequent bistatic radar research and development, especially as catalogued in the special December 1986 IEE journal. It defines and resolves many issues and controversies plaguing bistatic radar, including predicted performance, monostatic equivalence, bistatic radar cross section and resolution, bistatic Doppler, hitchhiking, SAR, ECM/ECCM, and, most importantly, the utility of bistatic radars. The text provides a history of bistatic systems that points out to potential designers, the applications that have worked and the dead-ends not worth pursuing. The text reviews the basic concepts and definitions, and explains the mathematical development of relationships, such as geometry, Ovals of Cassini, dynamic range, isorange and isodoppler contours, target doppler, and clutter doppler spread.

Novel deep learning approaches are achieving state-of-the-art accuracy in the area of radar target recognition, enabling applications beyond the scope of human-level performance. This book provides an introduction to the unique aspects of machine learning for radar signal processing that any scientist or engineer seeking to apply these technologies ought to be aware of.

This book deals with the basic theory for design and analysis of Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) radar systems. The design of one such multi-frequency high resolution LPI radar, PANDORA, is covered. This work represents the first time that the topic of multi-frequency radars is discussed in such detail and it is based on research conducted by the author in The Netherlands. The book provides the design tools needed for development, design, and analysis of high resolution radar systems for commercial as well as military applications. Software written in MATLAB and C++ is provided to guide the reader in calculating radar parameters and in ambiguity function analysis. Some radar simulation software is also included.

Engineering companies and other organizations face many serious challenges in the 21st Century. One that is now becoming widely recognized is the loss of corporate knowledge through staff turnover, whether it is natural or forced through downsizing or delayering. A company's store of knowledge and expertise is an asset built up through the learning and experience of its employees.

This fully revised and updated third edition of Digital Techniques for Wideband Receivers offers a comprehensive design guide for digital processing work with today's complex receiver systems.

Electronic Scanned Array Design covers the fundamental principles of ESA antennas including basic design approaches and inherent design limitations. These insights enable better appreciation of existing and planned ESA systems including their application to earth observation. The material describes general design principles of aperture antennas applied to the specific case of ESA design.

The Electronic Warfare Pocket Guide is the perfect companion for any user that needs to access key definitions, concepts, and equations for their work in the field, lab, or even in military theater of operations. While this concise guide fits in almost any pocket, it packs a real punch by providing users the answers to real world electronic warfare problems that come up every day in concept development, technique development, system design, system testing, operational testing, mission planning and operations. It is especially useful (if combined with training) for members of the military who are in combat and need to use EW techniques to counter missile-strikes, improvised explosive devices, and other threats. This booklet could usefully go into the pocket of every pilot, sailor, soldier and marine.

Winner, National Association for Chicana and Chicano Studies Book Award, 2019

The Royal Chicano Air Force produced major works of visual art, poetry, prose, music, and performance during the second half of the twentieth century and first decades of the twenty-first. Materializing in Sacramento, California, in 1969 and established between 1970 and 1972, the RCAF helped redefine the meaning of artistic production and artwork to include community engagement projects such as breakfast programs, community art classes, and political and labor activism. The collective’s work has contributed significantly both to Chicano/a civil rights activism and to Chicano/a art history, literature, and culture.

Blending RCAF members’ biographies and accounts of their artistic production with art historical, cultural, and literary scholarship, Flying under the Radar with the Royal Chicano Air Force is the first in-depth study of this vanguard Chicano/a arts collective and activist group. Ella Maria Diaz investigates how the RCAF questioned and countered conventions of Western art, from the canon taught in US institutions to Mexican national art history, while advancing a Chicano/a historical consciousness in the cultural borderlands. In particular, she demonstrates how women significantly contributed to the collective’s output, navigating and challenging the overarching patriarchal cultural norms of the Chicano Movement and their manifestations in the RCAF. Diaz also shows how the RCAF’s verbal and visual architecture—a literal and figurative construction of Chicano/a signs, symbols, and texts—established the groundwork for numerous theoretical interventions made by key scholars in the 1990s and the twenty-first century.

This book covers all aspects of foliage penetration (FOPEN) radar, concentrating on both airborne military radar systems as well as earth resource mapping radars. It is the first concise and thorough treatment of FOPEN, covering the results of a decade-long investment by DARPA in characterizing foliage and earth surface with ultrawideband UHF and VHF synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Comparisons of the technologies for radar design and signal processing are presented, as are specific design approaches for transmitter design for operation in a dense radio frequency spectrum. Adaptive processing to remove the effects of radio and television signals from the system are also covered. In 10 years, FOPEN systems will find use in crop monitoring, land mine remediation, and creating digital maps under trees. This book will be the foundation for continued research for years to come both for radar and systems engineers in defense and earth resources companies. Government researchers, program managers and planners who have an interest in the unique capabilities of this radar technology, as well as university staff and faculty teaching radar and signal processing will find this book a critical part of their learning for years to come.

This is a standard reference for FAA and military air traffic control engineers and maintenance technicians focused on ground-based radar systems. With the evolution and increasing sophistication of modern radar systems, now more than ever a single-source reference is needed that contains simply understandable information on MTI, MTD, and Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon systems. There is a downside to the drive away from knowledge-based problem solving...massive increases in costs and waste inherent in the idea of lowest replaceable units. Fewer technicians are expected to manage more systems while knowing less about their equipment. This unique training and reference text will not only provide answers for day-to-day tasks, it will also help allay cost increases and waste.

The aim of this book is to provide an advanced introduction to inertial data processing (determination of attitude, velocity and position) along with design architectures and algorithms used to aid the inertial navigation system (INS). The emphasis is on the high-end sensors and systems used in aerospace applications (known as 'navigation grade' or 'nav grade').

Fundamentals of Systems Engineering for Defense Systems Applications is a user guide to systems engineering with an emphasis on applications in the defence sector and a practical approach based on putting the theory and tools to work in real-life situations.

Ground penetrating radar has come to public attention in recent criminal investigations, but has been a developing and maturing remote sensing field for some time. In the light of recent growth of the technique to a wide range of applications, the need for an up-to-date reference text has become pressing. This fully revised and expanded edition of David Daniels' bestselling text, Surface-Penetrating Radar (IEE, 1996) presents, for the non-specialist user or engineer, all the key elements of this technique, which span several disciplines including electromagnetics, geophysics and signal processing. The book enables the user to assess the potential of the technique and apply it effectively with current technology.

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a powerful sensing technology widely used for the non-destructive assessment of a variety of structures with different properties including dimensions, electrical properties, and moisture.

The development of radar has been one of the most successful direct applications of physics ever attempted, and then implemented and applied at large scale. Certain watchwords of radar engineering have underpinned many of the developments of the past 80 years and remain potential avenues for improvement. For example, 'Narrow beams are good', 'Fast detection is good', 'Agility is good', and 'Clutter is bad'. All these statements of merit are true. The underlying principles for all these statements are the laws of physics, and they provide support for current radar designs. However, each of these statements is really a design choice, rather than their necessary consequence.

Cognitive dynamic systems are inspired by the computational capability of the brain and the viewpoint that cognition is a supreme form of computation. The key idea behind this new paradigm is to mimic the human brain as well as that of other mammals with echolocation capabilities which continuously learn and react to stimulations according to four basic processes: perception-action cycle, memory, attention, and intelligence.

Wind farms and wind turbines are strong reflectors of radio waves, which can affect radar and radio systems used by civil and military aviation. The speeds of turbine blades and aircraft are comparable, and it can be difficult to discriminate between them using existing radar systems. Wind turbines may also affect communications, navigation and instrument landing systems. This situation is a brake to wind farm development slowing or stopping exploitation of many giga watts of wind capacity in many countries. Therefore, developing approaches and technologies for the mitigation of the impacts of wind farms on aviation systems is of great importance. These technologies have the potential to increase renewable energy generation and promote energy independence but, and this is critically important, they must do so without compromising safety or national defense.

Introduction to Airborne Radar is the revision of the classic book privately published by Hughes Aircraft Company in 1983. Lavishly produced in full color, the book was quite unlike any commercially published radar book produced by the major technical publishers. The combination of clear, understandable writing and the unparalleled illustrations established the text-reference as a 'must-have' for engineers, technicians, pilots, and even sales and marketing people within the radar and aerospace industry. The book was authored by veteran Hughes engineer and Technical Manager George W. Stimson, a publications specialist. Individual chapters were thoroughly reviewed by the appropriate experts within the Hughes Radar Systems Group. The book was initially available 1983-1987 only to those within the Hughes family: employees and customers, primarily the military. Restriction was lifted in 1987. Hughes went through three printings and 40,000 copies 1983-1993, mostly by word-of-mouth testimonials and demand. Upon retirement from Hughes, George Stimson successfully negotiated for the rights to the book and made an agreement with SciTech Publishing to do a major revision of the text to update it. The resulting Second Edition has been overwhelmingly positive and a best-seller. Second Edition The revision is extensive: thirteen entirely new chapters cover the technological advances over the fifteen years since publication, two chapters considered obsolete have been deleted entirely, three chapters are extensively rewritten and updated, two chapters have been given new sections, and fourteen chapters have been given minor tweaks, corrections, and polishing. The book has grown from 32 chapters to 44 chapters in 584 efficiently-designed pages. Efforts have been made to bring more even-handed coverage to radars developed outside of Hughes Aircraft, while older and less important Hughes radars have been deleted or abbreviated. Chapter 44 catalogs many of the cutting edge radars in functioning aircraft and near-service aircraft in early stages of production. The book's appeal is to a diverse audience: from military pilots and radar officers eager to gain a sound technical understanding of the complex systems that their lives depend upon, on up through technicians, marketing, and sales people, to the radar system design specialists, who may 'know all that stuff' but who deeply admire the expression and thus use the book to teach others who have questions. The market encompasses companies directly involved in the radar business and those on the periphery, college professors of engineering and physics themselves, along with students in aviation, aeronautics, and electromagnetics and radar courses. The cross-disciplinary and multi-level demand for the book shows that the book should not be pigeon-holed as just a radar book for electrical engineers. Virtually anybody with a knowledge of high school algebra, trigonometry, and physics will be able to read and absorb most of the material.

This book text provides an overview of the radar target recognition process and covers the key techniques being developed for operational systems. It is based on the fundamental scientific principles of high resolution radar, and explains how the underlying techniques can be used in real systems, taking into account the characteristics of practical radar system designs and component limitations. It also addresses operational aspects, such as how high resolution modes would fit in with other functions such as detection and tracking.

This expanded, revised and updated new edition of Introduction to RF Stealth covers two major topics: Low Observables and Low Probability of Intercept (LO and LPI) of radars and data links, collectively sometimes called Stealth. Each chapter includes examples, student exercises and references. Worked simulations are available that illustrate the techniques described.

This is the only book focused on the complete aspects of RF Stealth design. It is the first book to present and explain first order methods for the design of active and passive stealth properties. Everything from Electronic Order of Battle to key component design is covered.

This is a comprehensive textbook and reference that provides a solid background in active sensing technology. Beginning with a historical overview and an introductory section on signal generation, filtering and modulation, it follows with a section on radiometry (infrared and microwave) as a background to the active sensing process. The core of the book is concerned with active sensing, starting with the basics of time-of-flight sensors (operational principles, components), and goes through the derivation of the radar range equation, and the detection of echo signals, both fundamental to the understanding of radar, sonar and lidar imaging. Several chapters cover signal propagation of both electromagnetic and acoustic energy, target characteristics, stealth and clutter. The remainder of the book involves the basics of the range measurement process, active imaging with an emphasis on noise and linear frequency modulation techniques, Doppler processing, and target tracking.

Based on the authors' 20 years' research work on Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar (ISAR) imaging of moving targets and non-cooperative target recognition, this book provides readers with knowledge of various algorithms of ISAR imaging of targets and implementation with MATLAB. It introduces basic principles of radar backscattering, radar imaging, and signal analysis. It describes the characteristics of radar returns from targets, how to produce well-focused ISAR images of moving targets, and what features that can extracted from ISAR images. Also introduced are several important algorithms for ISAR image formation, ISAR image auto-focusing, and applications of ISAR imaging to air targets, sea vessels and ground moving targets. Examples of ISAR imaging of ground moving targets, air targets, and sea vessels are discussed in detail.

This book covers the use of SAR for maritime surveillance applications. It provides a comprehensive source of material on the subject, divided into two parts. The first part deals with models and techniques, while the second part is devoted to maritime surveillance applications. Each chapter covers the basic principles, a critical review of the current technology, techniques and applications, and the latest developments in the field.

This book covers the latest developments in radar micro-Doppler signatures and non-cooperative recognition of moving targets, for researchers and advanced students of radar systems. Micro-Doppler signatures is a very broad topic with applications in healthcare, security and surveillance. Edited by leading researchers in the field, the book consists of a series of chapters with contributions from different groups of authors who are international experts on their topics.

Recently, various algorithms for radar signal detection that rely heavily upon complicated processing and/or antenna architectures have been the subject of much interest. These techniques owe their genesis to several factors. One is revolutionary technological advances in high-speed signal processing hardware and digital array radar technology. Another is the stress on requirements often imposed by defence applications in areas such as airborne early warning and homeland security.

Radar is a key technology in the safety system of a modern vehicle. Automotive radars are the critical sensors in advanced driver-assistance systems, which are used in adaptive cruise control, collision avoidance, blind spot detection, lane change assistance, and parking assistance.

Synthetic aperture radar and inverse synthetic aperture radar (SAR/ISAR) images have been largely used for monitoring small to large areas and more specifically for target recognition/identification. However, the technology has limitations due to the use of classical monostatic, single channel, single frequency and single polarization systems. To overcome these limitations, solutions have been proposed that show the benefit of using multiple frequencies, spatial channels, polarisations and perspective, in one word multi-dimensional radar imaging systems when dealing with non-cooperative targets.

This book is devoted to target detection in a class of radar systems referred to as passive multistatic radar. This system is of great interest in both civilian and military scenarios due to many advantages. First, this system is substantially smaller and less expensive compared to an active radar system. Second, the multistatic configuration improves its detection and classification capabilities. Finally, there are many signals available for passive sensing making them hard to avoid.

Research in the domain of radar signal understanding has seen interesting advances in recent years, mainly due to the developments around cognitive radar and the use of modern machine learning algorithms. This book brings together these strands of research into a coherent and holistic picture, presenting a consolidated approach to understanding radar signals.

Next-Generation Cognitive Radar Systems brings together contributions from leading researchers who are engaged in the research and development of next generation cognitive abilities in radar engineering. It features recent advances in the theory and applications of advanced Cognitive Radar (CR) tools and examines emerging challenges. The chapters include mathematical and computational methods to combat important CR challenges as well as the applications of recent theories and algorithms to various applied CR aspects.

Novel Radar Techniques and Applications presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts.

Novel Radar Techniques and Applications presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts. Each section gives an overview of the latest research and perspectives of the future, and includes a number of chapters dedicated to specific techniques in conjunction with existing operational, experimental or conceptual applications.

A vast array of ocean instrumentation has been developed for research purposes since the middle of the twentieth century, among which remote sensing technologies have become increasingly important. Within this class of instruments, high frequency (HF) surface and skywave radar, microwave marine radar and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)-based radar have been successfully implemented in gathering information on large tracts of the ocean surface. This book provides a systematic introduction to the principles, state-of-the-art methods and applications of HF surface and sky wave radar, microwave marine radar and GNSS-based radar, as well as an exploration of ongoing challenges in the field.

This book is devoted to the description of optimum signal processing algorithms which can find useful applications in radar systems. The monograph collects about twenty papers written by the Editor and his colleagues. Structurally the collection of the papers is divided into four parts. The first describes the adaptive cancellation techniques of radar clutter; the second part addresses the challenging problem of finding the optimum detection schemes to deal with target and clutter signals having non-Gaussian probability density function, and any type of autocorrelation function. The third group of papers considers the problem of finding the optimum detection schemes for the case of netted multi-static radar systems. The last part is concerned with more general processing techniques used in radar systems for surveillance.

This book collects, reviews and analyses recent research on passive radars on moving platforms. Due to the nature of the typical radar applications performed by moving platforms and the signals of opportunity typically exploited for passive radar purposes, which are not designed for reception while in motion, the special case of passive radar mounted on moving platforms is highly challenging.

Phased-Array Radar Design is a text-reference designed for electrical engineering graduate students in colleges and universities as well as for corporate in-house training programs for radar design engineers, especially systems engineers and analysts who would like to gain hands-on, practical knowledge and skills in radar design fundamentals, advanced radar concepts, trade-offs for radar design and radar performance analysis.

Microwave photonics is an emerging interdisciplinary area that investigates the deep interactions between microwaves and light waves for efficient generation, distribution, processing, control, and sensing of microwave, millimeter-wave, and terahertz signals. This book outlines the potential for microwave photonics in radar and electronic warfare systems, covering basic concepts and functions, comparing performance with conventional systems, describing its impact on digital signal processing, and exploring integration issues.

The Pocket Radar Guide is a concise collection of key radar facts and important radar data that provides the reader with necessary radar information when they are away from the office or references. It includes statements and comments on radar design, operation, and performance; equations describing the characteristics and performance of radar systems and their components; and tables with data on radar characteristics and key performance issues. It is intended to supplement other radar information sources by providing a pocket companion to refresh memory and provide details whenever you need them such as in meetings, while traveling, or in the field.

Polarimetric Radar Signal Processing provides an overview of advanced techniques and technologies developed for polarimetric radars to meet challenging performance requirements. It aims to cover some of the most challenging application fields, including: target detection for active and passive surveillance systems, interference suppression, detection of temporal changes in a given scene, environment classification, automatic target recognition, non-cooperative target imaging, polarimetric coding in radar and SAR systems, pol-SAR ambiguities suppression, space-debris detection, tracking, and classification, estimation of biological and behavioural parameters of insects, precipitations localization as well as type and motion parameters estimation via real-life practical polarimetric weather radar.

This second of three volumes in the Principles of Modern Radar series offers a much-needed professional reference for practicing radar engineers. It provides the stepping stones under one cover to advanced practice with overview discussions of the most commonly used techniques for radar design, thereby bridging readers to single-topic advanced books, papers, and presentations. It spans a gamut of exciting radar capabilities from exotic waveforms to ultra-high resolution 2D and 3D imaging methods, complex adaptive interference cancellation, multi-target tracking in dense scenarios, multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) and much more. All of this material is presented with the same careful balance of quantitative rigor and qualitative insight of Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles. Each chapter is likewise authored by recognized subject experts, with the rigorous editing for consistency and suggestions of numerous volunteer reviewers from the radar community applied throughout. Advanced academic and training courses will appreciate the sets of chapter-end problems for students, as well as worked solutions for instructors. Extensive reference lists show the way for further study.

This second of three volumes in the Principles of Modern Radar series offers a much-needed professional reference for practicing radar engineers. It provides the stepping stones under one cover to advanced practice with overview discussions of the most commonly used techniques for radar design, thereby bridging readers to single-topic advanced books, papers, and presentations. It spans a gamut of exciting radar capabilities from exotic waveforms to ultra-high resolution 2D and 3D imaging methods, complex adaptive interference cancellation, multi-target tracking in dense scenarios, multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) and much more. All of this material is presented with the same careful balance of quantitative rigor and qualitative insight of Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles. Each chapter is likewise authored by recognized subject experts, with the rigorous editing for consistency and suggestions of numerous volunteer reviewers from the radar community applied throughout. Advanced academic and training courses will appreciate the sets of chapter-end problems for students, as well as worked solutions for instructors. Extensive reference lists show the way for further study.

The second edition of Principles of Modern Radar Volume 1: Basic Principles is a comprehensive textbook for courses on radar systems and technology at the college senior and graduate student level. It is also a professional training and self-study textbook for engineers switching to a career in radar as well as a professional reference for current radar engineers. It is unique in its breadth of coverage, its emphasis on current methods and its careful balance of qualitative explanation and quantitative rigor appropriate to its intended audience.

Principles of Modern Radar: Basic Principles is a comprehensive and modern textbook for courses in radar systems and technology at the college senior and graduate student level; a professional training textbook for formal in-house courses for new hires; a reference for ongoing study following a radar short course; and a self-study and professional reference book.

This third and final volume in the Principles of Modern Radar series brings all the fundamentals and advanced techniques of the prior volumes to their logical conclusion by presenting the applications of radar. This unique book provides in-depth discussions of the most important areas in current radar practice, serving primarily radar practitioners and advanced graduate students.

This third edition of Principles of Space-Time Adaptive Processing provides a detailed introduction to the fundamentals of space-time adaptive processing, with emphasis on clutter suppression in airborne or spacebased phased array radar, covering specifically the principles of airborne or spacebased MTI radar for detection of slow moving targets for use in the fields of earth observation, surveillance and reconnaissance, with special attention paid to clutter rejection techniques.

This is the first book to discuss current and future applications of waveform diversity and design in subjects such as radar and sonar, communications systems, passive sensing, and many other technologies. Waveform diversity allows researchers and system designers to optimize electromagnetic and acoustic systems for sensing, communications, electronic warfare or combinations thereof. This book enables solutions to problems, explaining how each system performs its own particular function, as well as how it is affected by other systems and how those other systems may likewise be affected. It is an excellent standalone introduction to waveform diversity and design, which takes a high potential technology area and makes it visible to other researchers, as well as young engineers.

This book is a practitioner's guide to all aspects of pulse Doppler radar. It concentrates on airborne military radar systems since they are the most used, most complex, and most interesting of the pulse Doppler radars; however, ground-based and non-military systems are also included.

Radar and Communication Spectrum Sharing addresses the growing conflict over use of the radio-frequency spectrum by different systems, such as civil and security applications of radar and consumer use for wireless communications. The increasing demand for this finite resource is driving innovation into new ways in which these diverse systems can cohabit the spectrum. The book provides a broad survey of recent and ongoing work on the topic of spectrum sharing, with an emphasis on identifying the technology gaps for practical realization and the regulatory and measurement compliance aspects of this problem space. The introductory section sets the scene, making the case for spectrum access and reviewing spectrum use, congestion, lessons learned, ways forward and research areas. The book then covers system engineering perspectives, the issues involved with addressing interference, and radar/communication co-design strategies. With contributions from an international panel of experts, this book is essential reading for researchers, engineers and advanced students in radar, communications, navigation, and electronic warfare whose work is impacted by spectrum engineering requirements.

This book presents a comprehensive set of radar and electronic warfare principles including many of the latest applications in a clear and consistent manner.

This book presents a comprehensive set of radar and electronic warfare principles including many of the latest applications in a clear and consistent manner.

The ability to detect and locate targets by day or night, over wide areas, regardless of weather conditions has long made radar a key sensor in many military and civil applications. However, the ability to automatically and reliably distinguish different targets represents a difficult challenge. Radar Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) and Non-Cooperative Target Recognition (NCTR) captures material presented in the NATO SET-172 lecture series to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art and continuing challenges of radar target recognition.

Over the last ten years, the numbers of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) or “drones” have changed from being just a few specialist systems, used for scientific data gathering and military purposes, to them proliferating in huge numbers. They are used across a broad range of different leisure, commercial and military activities. UAVs can be used for: movement of items in factories for manufacturing, passenger and freight transportation, can take various roles in the agriculture and forestry industries (dispensing seeds, watering and monitoring crops), remote sensing for the oil and gas industries, traffic flow monitoring, support of emergency services, hobbies, security, military and many other applications.

Radar cross section (RCS) is a comparison of two radar signal strengths. One is the strength of the radar beam sweeping over a target, the other is the strength of the reflected echo sensed by the receiver. This book shows how the RCS gauge can be predicted for theoretical objects and how it can be measured for real targets. Predicting RCS is not easy, even for simple objects like spheres or cylinders, but this book explains the two exact forms of theory so well that even a novice will understand enough to make close predictions. Weapons systems developers are keenly interested in reducing the RCS of their platforms. The two most practical ways to reduce RCS are shaping and absorption. This book explains both in great detail, especially in the design, evaluation, and selection of radar absorbers. There is also great detail on the design and employment of indoor and outdoor test ranges for scale models or for full-scale targets (such as aircraft). In essence, this book covers everything you need to know about RCS, from what it is, how to predict and measure, and how to test targets (indoors and out), and how to beat it.

This book presents a comprehensive tutorial exposition of radar detection using the methods and techniques of mathematical statistics. The material presented is as current and useful to today's engineers as when the book was first published by Prentice-Hall in 1968 and then republished by Artech House in 1980. The book is divided into six parts. Part I is introductory and describes the nature of the radar detection problem. Part II reviews the mathematical tools necessary for a study of detection theory. Part III contains tutorial expositions in a radar context of the classical signal-to-noise and a posteriori theories, both of which have played important roles in the evolution of modern radar. The unifying theme of the book is provided by statistical decision theory, introduced in the last chapter of Part III, which provides the framework for the chapters that follow. The first three chapters of Part IV contain a unified tutorial exposition of single and multiple hit detection theory. The last two chapters are respectively devoted to the use of the radar equation and a discussion of cumulative detection probability. The latter includes a procedure for minimizing the power-aperture product of a search radar. The performance of near-optimum multiple hit detection strategies are considered in Part V. These include binary and pulse train detection strategies. The first chapter in Part VI applies sequential detection theory to the radar detection problem. It includes the Marcus and Swerling test strategy and a two-step approximation to sequential detection. The second chapter contains the development of Bayes decision rules and Bayes receivers for optimizing the detection of multiple targets with unknown parameters, such as range, velocity, angle, etc.

When you need vital data fast, turn to Radar Essentials. This compact yet comprehensive reference has compiled the most used principles, data, tables, and equations that are used by radar and aerospace system designers on a daily basis. Experts and non-experts alike will find this to be their go-to source for recalling and understanding the fundamentals and employing them in design and performance analysis.

Through courses taught internally at the Institute for Defense Analysis, Dr. Roger Sullivan has devised a book that brings readers fully up to speed on the most essential quantitative aspects of general radar in order to introduce study of the most exciting and relevant applications to radar imaging and advanced concepts: Synthetic Aperture Radar (4 chapters), Space-time Adaptive Processing, moving target indication (MTI), bistatic radar, low probability of intercept (LPI) radar, weather radar, and ground-penetrating radar. Whether you are a radar novice or experienced professional, this is an essential reference that features the theory and practical application of formulas you use in radar design every day. With this book, you are taken step-by-step through the development of modern airborne microwave radar, up to the cutting edge of emergent technologies including new results on theoretical 2D and 3D SAR point-spread functions (PSF) and current discussions concerning dechirp/deskew processing, layover in SAR images, vibrating targets, foliage penetration, image quality parameters, and more. Plus, for students of electrical engineering, physics, and radar, this book provides the best source of basic airborne radar understanding, as well as a broad introduction to the field of radar imaging.

Increasing information content is an important scientific problem in modern observation systems development. Radar, or microwave, imaging, a technique which combines radar techniques with digital or optical information processing, can be used for this purpose. Drawing on their own research, the authors provide an overview of the field and explain why a unified approach based on wave field processing techniques, including holographic and tomographic approaches, is necessary in high resolution radar design. Such techniques use the complex field incident on an observation surface to produce a hologram, which can be used to reconstruct an image of the object or to restore some of its physical parameters. This makes it possible to extract the size, coordinates and radar cross-section of individual scattering centres.

The micro-Doppler effect appears as Doppler frequency modulations in coherent laser or microwave radar systems induced by mechanical vibrations or rotations of a target or any part on the target. These Doppler modulations become a distinctive signature of a target that incorporates vibrating or rotating structures, and provides evidence of the identity of the target with movement.

Radar Principles for the Non-specialist, 3rd Edition continues its popular tradition: to distil the very complex technology of radar into its fundamentals, tying them to the laws of nature on one end and to the most modern and complex systems on the other. It starts with electromagnetic propagation, describes a radar of the utmost simplicity, and derives the radar range equation from that simple radar. Once the radar range equation is available, the book attacks the meaning of each term in it, moving through antennas, detection and tracking, radar cross-sections, waveforms and signal processing, and systems applications. At the finish, the reader should be able to do an acceptable, first order radar design and to critique the design of others. Students, engineers, scientists and managers will benefit from this book. The more noticeable enhancements to the third edition are the additions of equation numbers, more numerical examples, tables and figures showing many of the concepts numerically, and exercises for almost all of the concepts. These enhancements make the book easier to learn from and easier to teach out of.

The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing.

Radar Techniques Using Array Antennas is a thorough introduction to the possibilities of radar technology based on electronic steerable and active array antennas.

This book presents a unique and comprehensive introduction to modern radar techniques using array antennas. The author focuses upon the principles, system concepts and techniques using electronic steerable and active array antennas for future high standard multifunction radar systems in both military and civil applications. Signal processing and array antennas are discussed from an engineering perspective, as a basis for system design. The key areas covered include array signal processing, adaptive digital beamforming, adaptive monopulse, superresolution, sequential detection, SAR with an active array for moving target detection, target imaging, adaptive clutter suppression, pulse compression with low range sidelobes and high range resolution, target detection with long pulse series, energy management and system parameter relations. Several new and effective radar techniques using array antennas are also discussed based on the pioneering work conducted by the authors team at FGAN, complete with experimental simulation results. The book will prove useful for engineers and scientists who work on research, development and systems design in the radar field as well as those who are responsible for radar decision making and planning within the government or industry.

This book provides an overview of radar waveform synthesis obtained as the result of computational optimization processes and covers the most challenging application fields. The book balances a practical point of view with a rigorous mathematical approach corroborated with a wealth of numerical study cases and some real experiments. Additionally, the book has a cross-disciplinary approach because it exploits cross-fertilization with the recent research and discoveries in optimization theory. The material of the book is organized into ten chapters, each one completed with a comprehensive list of references.

This is an enlarged and revised second edition of a book first published in 1978 and reprinted twice since then. The new edition includes updates to all the original chapters, plus two new chapters on developments in superresolution techniques and their application to direction-finding arrays.

This book is a systematic and detailed exposition of different analytical techniques used in studying two of the canonical problems, the wave scattering by wedges or cones with impedance boundary conditions. It is the first reference on novel, highly efficient analytical-numerical approaches for wave diffraction by impedance wedges or cones. This text includes calculations of the diffraction or excitation coefficients, including their uniform versions, for the diffracted waves from the edge of the wedge or from the vertex of the cone; study of the far-field behavior in diffraction by impedance wedges or cones, reflected waves, space waves from the singular points of the boundary (from edges or tips), and surface waves; and the applicability of the reported solution procedures and formulae to existing software packages designed for solving real-world high-frequency problems encountered in antenna, wave propagation, and radar cross section. This book is for researchers in wave phenomena physics, radio, optics and acoustics engineers, applied mathematicians and specialists in mathematical physics and specialists in quantum scattering of many particles.

Sea Clutter: Scattering, the K Distribution and Radar Performance, 2nd Edition gives an authoritative account of our current understanding of radar sea clutter. Topics covered include the characteristics of radar sea clutter, modelling radar scattering by the ocean surface, statistical models of sea clutter, the simulation of clutter and other random processes, detection of small targets in sea clutter, imaging ocean surface features, radar detection performance calculations, CFAR detection, and the specification and measurement of radar performance. The calculation of the performance of practical radar systems is presented in sufficient detail for the reader to be able to tackle related problems with confidence. In this second edition the contents have been fully updated and reorganised to give better access to the different types of material in the book. Extensive new material has been added on the Doppler characteristics of sea clutter and detection processing; bistatic sea clutter measurements; electromagnetic scattering theory of littoral sea clutter and bistatic sea clutter; the use of models for predicting radar performance; and use of the K distribution in other fields.

This book provides an authoritative account of the current understanding of radar sea clutter, describing its phenomenology, EM scattering and statistical modelling and simulation, and their use in the design of detection systems and the calculation and practical evaluation of radar performance.

Human hands are natural tools for performing actions and gestures that interact with the physical world. Radar technology allows for touchless wireless gesture sensing by transmitting radio frequency (RF) signals to the target, analyzing the backscattering reflections to extract the target's movements, and thereby accurately detecting gestures for Human Computer Interaction (HCI). A key advantage of this technology is that it allows interaction with machines without any need to attach a sensing device to the hands. Led by researchers from Google's Project Soli, the authors introduce the concept and underpinning technology, cover all design phases, and provide researchers and professionals with the latest advances and innovations in microwave and millimeter wave radar sensing to capture relative movements such as micro gestures.

Slotted waveguide antenna arrays are used in radar, communication and remote sensing systems for high frequencies. They have linear polarization with low cross-polarization and low losses but can also be designed for dual polarizations and phase steered beams.

This updated edition of the industry's classic text combines the theory, practice, and latest technology of spectrum and network measurements in electronic systems to offer a comprehensive and easy way to understand frequency domain measurements.

Completely modernized, greatly expanded, but retaining all the magic of the 2nd edition, Introduction to Airborne Radar has been brought into the 21st century without losing the hallmarks that made George Stimson's previous editions unique. Every chapter has been updated to reflect the constant transformations in radar technology and end-of-chapter exercises have also been added, improving its employment as a textbook.

Inertial navigation is widely used for the guidance of aircraft, missiles, ships and land vehicles, as well as in a number of novel applications such as surveying underground pipelines in drilling operations. This book sets out to provide a clear and concise description of the physical principles of inertial navigation, the associated growth of errors and their compensation. There is also detailed treatment of recent developments in inertial sensor technology and a description of techniques for implementing and evaluating such systems. This new edition includes a number of refinements covering sensor technology, geodesy and error modelling, plus new chapters on MEMS technology and inertial systems applications.

The transfer of responsibility for decisions and actions from humans to machines presents difficult problems for all those concerned with new concepts, their development and use. This book gives practical help by discussing the issues in the context of product design, and gives a methodology to solve them.

Tactical Persistent Surveillance Radar with Applications introduces technologists to the essential elements of persistent surveillance of tactical targets from both a hardware and software point of view, using simple Mathcad, Excel and Basic examples with real data. It is based on the type of surveillance done by drones like Scan Eagle, Predator, Reaper, Global Hawk, and manned aircraft like U-2, ASTOR, and JSTARS as well as spacecraft. The general topic is cellphone and datalink intercept, ground moving target radar, synthetic aperture radar, navigation, tracking, electronic scanning and cueing electro-optical sensors for activity based surveillance.

Radar is a legal necessity for the safe navigation of merchant ships, and within vessel traffic services is indispensable to the operation of major ports and harbours. Target Detection by Marine Radar concentrates solely on civil marine operations and explains how marine surveillance radars detect their targets. The book is fully illustrated and contains worked examples to help the reader understand the principles underlying radar operation and to quantify the importance of factors such as the technical features of specific equipment, the weather, target reflection properties, and the ability of the operator. The precision with which targets are positioned on the radar screen and with which their progress is tracked or predicted depends on how definitely they have been detected, therefore a whole chapter has been devoted to the issue of accuracy. The various international regulations governing marine radar are examined, a brief historical background is given to modern day practice and the book doses with a discussion of the ways in which marine radar may develop to meet future challenges.

Radar has become an essential factor in air and sea travel, has affected all areas of military science and, most important of all perhaps, has considerably influenced the progress of electronic engineering.

Technology is ever-changing in the field of aircraft avionics and new systems may require a different approach to testing. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) revises its regulatory material as a result of system updates and therefore requirements for airworthiness testing also need to be updated.

This book provides a complete discussion of the Gauss-Newton filters, including all necessary theoretical background. This book also covers the expanding and fading memory polynomial filters based on the Legendre and Laguerre orthogonal polynomials, and how these can serve as pre-filters for Gauss-Newton. Of particular interest is a new approach to the tracking of manoeuvring targets that the Gauss-Newton filters make possible. Fourteen carefully constructed computer programs demonstrate the use and power of Gauss-Newton and the polynomial filters. Two of these also include Kalman and Swerling filters in addition to Gauss-Newton, all three of which process identical data that have been pre-filtered by polynomial filters. These two programs demonstrate Kalman and Swerling instability, to which Gauss-Newton is immune, and also the fact that if an attempt is made to forestall Kalman/Swerling instability by the use of a Q matrix, then they cease to be Cramér-Rao consistent and become less accurate than the always Cramér-Rao consistent Gauss-Newton filters.

Interest in the applications of ultrawideband (UWB) radar systems is increasing rapidly all over the world. This is evident from the number of monographs recently published on the subject and from the many papers presented at international conferences on the general problems involved in UWB radar and on its promising new applications. Conventional (classical) methods seem to have exhausted their potential and studies in the field are undergoing a profound change. This book presents some of the novel approaches to radar system analysis now being investigated.

Ultra-Wideband Surveillance Radar is an emerging technology for detecting and characterizing targets and cultural features for military and geosciences applications. To characterize objects near and under severe clutter, it is necessary to have fine range and cross range resolution. The resultant wide bandwidth classifies the systems as ultra-wideband, requiring special treatment in system technology and frequency allocation.

What is radar? What systems are currently in use? How do they work? Understanding Radar Systems provides engineers and scientists with answers to these critical questions, focusing on actual radar systems in use today. It's the perfect resource for those just entering the field or a quick refresher for experienced practitioners. The book leads readers through the specialized language and calculations that comprise the complex world of modern radar engineering as seen in dozens of state-of-the-art radar systems. The authors stress practical concepts that apply to all radar, keeping math to a minimum. Most of the book is based on real radar systems rather than theoretical studies. The result is a valuable, easy-to-use guide that makes the difficult parts of the field easier and helps readers do performance calculations quickly and easily.

The phrase 'waveform design and diversity' refers to an area of radar research that focuses on novel transmission strategies as a way to improve performance in a variety of civil, defense and homeland security applications. Three basic principles are at the core of waveform diversity. First is the principle that any and all knowledge of the operational environment should be exploited in system design and operation. Second is the principle of the fully adaptive system, that is, that the system should respond to dynamic environmental conditions. Third is the principle of measurement diversity as a way to increase system robustness and expand the design trade space. Waveform design and diversity concepts can be found dating back to the mid-twentieth century. However, it has only been in the past decade or so, as academics and practitioners have rushed to exploit recent advances in radar hardware component technology, such as arbitrary waveform generation and linear power amplification, that waveform diversity has become a distinct area of research. The purpose of this book is to survey this burgeoning field in a way that brings together the diverse yet complementary topics that comprise it. The topics covered range from the purely theoretical to the applied, and the treatment of these topics ranges from tutorial explanation to forward-looking research discussions. The topics treated in this book include: classical waveform design and its extensions through information theory, multiple-input multiple-output systems, and the bio-inspired sensing perspective; the exploration of measurement diversity through distributed radar systems, in both cooperative and non-cooperative configurations; the optimal adaptation of the transmit waveform for target detection, tracking, and identification; and more. This representative cross-section of topics provides the reader with a chance to see the three principles of waveform diversity at work, and will hopefully point the way to further advances in this exciting area of research.

The material presented in this book is intended to provide the reader with a practical treatment of Weibull distribution as applied to radar systems.

This advanced research monograph is devoted to the Wiener-Hopf technique, a function-theoretic method that has found applications in a variety of fields, most notably in analytical studies of diffraction and scattering of waves. It provides a comprehensive treatment of the subject and covers the latest developments, illustrates the wide range of possible applications for this method, and includes an extensive outline of the most powerful analytical tool for the solution of diffraction problems.