“The university—a central institution in the emerging knowledge economy—is in the process of dramatic transformations. In this volume, Paula Stephan and Ronald Ehrenberg bring together scholars from a wide array of disciplines to address some of the most crucial changes underway in universities today. Grappling with matters ranging from how universities are funding their scientific research in an era of government belt-tightening to what roles universities can and should play in the commercial economy, the essays in this collection are important reading for anyone who cares about the future of higher education in the United States.”—Daniel Lee Kleinman, University of Wisconsin–Madison, series editor and author of Impure Cultures: University Biology and the World of Commerce

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Contents
Preface			000
Introduction: Science and the University		000
Paula E. Stephan and Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Financing Science and Engineering Research
1. Who Bears the Growing Cost of Science at Universities?		000
Ronald G. Ehrenberg, Michael J. Rizzo and George H. Jakubson
2. How Does the Government (Want to) Fund Science? Politics, Lobbying and Academic Earmarks		000
John M. de Figueiredo and Brian S. Silverman
The Commercialization of Science
3. University Science Research Funding: Privatizing Policy and Practice		000
Risa L. Lieberwitz
4. Patterns of Research and Licensing Activity of Science and Engineering Faculty		000
Jerry G. Thursby and Marie C. Thursby
5. Commericalization and the Scientific Research Process: The Example of Plant Breeding	000
W. Ronnie Coffman, William H. Lesser and Susan R. McCouch
Foreign Students and Scholars
6. The Importance of Foreign Ph.D. Students to U.S. Science		000
Grant G. Black and Paula E. Stephan
7. Do Foreign Students Crowd Out Native Students from Graduate Programs?		000
George J. Borjas
8. Foreign Scholars in U.S. Science: Contributions and Costs		000
Paula E. Stephan and Sharon G. Levin
American Citizen PhDs in Science and Engineering
9. The Changing Composition of American Citizen PhDs		000
Jeffrey A. Groen and Michael J. Rizzo
10. Where Do New US-Trained Science Engineering PhDs Come From?		000
Richard B. Freeman, Emily Jin, and Chia-Yu Shen
The Changing Competitiveness of U.S. Science and the Organization of Academic Science
11. Global Research Competition Affects U.S. Output		000
Diana M. Hicks
12. The Workforce for Biomedical Research-Who Will Do the Work?		000
Susan A Gerbi and Howard Garrison
Concluding Remarks
Looking to the Future		000
Ronald G. Ehrenberg and Paula E. Stephan
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References		000
Contributors		000
Index		000

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