ABOUT THIS BOOK

Science and the University investigates the tremendous changes that have taken place in university research over the past several decades, gauging the current state of research in higher education and examining issues and challenges crucial to its future. Scientific research increasingly dominates the aims and agendas of many American universities, and this proliferation—and changes in the way research is conducted—has given rise to important questions about the interrelations of higher education, funding for scientific research, and government policy. The cost of doing science, the commercialization of university research, the changing composition and number of Ph.D. students, the effect of scientific research on other university programs—these are just a few of the many issues explored in this volume from the vantage points of scholars in such diverse fields as economics, biochemistry, genetics, and labor studies.

AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY

Paula E. Stephan is professor of economics at Georgia State University and coeditor of the two-volume Economics of Science and Innovation. Ronald G. Ehrenberg is the Irving M. Ives Professor of Industrial and Labor Relations and Economics and director of the Cornell Higher Education Research Institute at Cornell University and editor of What’s Happening to Public Higher Education.

REVIEWS

“The university—a central institution in the emerging knowledge economy—is in the process of dramatic transformations. In this volume, Paula Stephan and Ronald Ehrenberg bring together scholars from a wide array of disciplines to address some of the most crucial changes underway in universities today. Grappling with matters ranging from how universities are funding their scientific research in an era of government belt-tightening to what roles universities can and should play in the commercial economy, the essays in this collection are important reading for anyone who cares about the future of higher education in the United States.”—Daniel Lee Kleinman, University of Wisconsin–Madison, series editor and author of Impure Cultures: University Biology and the World of Commerce

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Contents
Preface 000
Introduction: Science and the University 000
Paula E. Stephan and Ronald G. Ehrenberg
Financing Science and Engineering Research
1. Who Bears the Growing Cost of Science at Universities? 000
Ronald G. Ehrenberg, Michael J. Rizzo and George H. Jakubson
2. How Does the Government (Want to) Fund Science? Politics, Lobbying and Academic Earmarks 000
John M. de Figueiredo and Brian S. Silverman
The Commercialization of Science
3. University Science Research Funding: Privatizing Policy and Practice 000
Risa L. Lieberwitz
4. Patterns of Research and Licensing Activity of Science and Engineering Faculty 000
Jerry G. Thursby and Marie C. Thursby
5. Commericalization and the Scientific Research Process: The Example of Plant Breeding 000
W. Ronnie Coffman, William H. Lesser and Susan R. McCouch
Foreign Students and Scholars
6. The Importance of Foreign Ph.D. Students to U.S. Science 000
Grant G. Black and Paula E. Stephan
7. Do Foreign Students Crowd Out Native Students from Graduate Programs? 000
George J. Borjas
8. Foreign Scholars in U.S. Science: Contributions and Costs 000
Paula E. Stephan and Sharon G. Levin
American Citizen PhDs in Science and Engineering
9. The Changing Composition of American Citizen PhDs 000
Jeffrey A. Groen and Michael J. Rizzo
10. Where Do New US-Trained Science Engineering PhDs Come From? 000
Richard B. Freeman, Emily Jin, and Chia-Yu Shen
The Changing Competitiveness of U.S. Science and the Organization of Academic Science
11. Global Research Competition Affects U.S. Output 000
Diana M. Hicks
12. The Workforce for Biomedical Research-Who Will Do the Work? 000
Susan A Gerbi and Howard Garrison
Concluding Remarks
Looking to the Future 000
Ronald G. Ehrenberg and Paula E. Stephan
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References 000
Contributors 000
Index 000

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