Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
List of Figures
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1. Before DNA: Genetic Markers
Immunoge ne tics of the ABO Group
Is the Theory Generally Accepted?
More Immunogenetic Markers
The Thin-Gel-Multisystem Controversy
Inclusions versus Exclusions
The Admissibility of Percentages and Probabilities&
Chapter 3. The Dawn of DNA Typing
Genes, Chromosomes, DNA, and Sex
From Protein Polymorphisms to Restriction
Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms
Multilocus Variable Number Tandem Repeat Probes
The Probability of Individuality
Forensic Applications
DNA Evidencecirca 1986
Chapter 4. The Emergence of VNTR Profiling
Into the Courtroom
The Double Murder and the Handyman
The Pretrial Hearing
The Aftermath
Castro’s Progeny
Chapter 5. The Intensifying Debate over Probability and Population Genetics
The Aversion to Numbers
The Match Window
Allele Frequencies
The Basic Product Rule for Combining Allele Frequencies
Threats to Independence
The Lewontin- Hartl Article
The National Research Council Speaks
Chapter 6. The Initial Reaction to the 1992 NRC Report
The Initial Reception of the NRC Report in the Courts
Hitting the Ceiling
Evaluating the Population- Genetics Debate
Chapter 7. Ending the Debate over Population Genetics
Lobbying the Academy
The NRC Speaks Again
Simpson Meets His Match
Boodles and Louder
The Second NRC Report in the Courts
Chapter 8. Moving Back to Errors and Relatives
Proficiency Testing and Error Rates
The Evil Twin and Other Relatives
Chapter 9. Moving on to Short Tandem Repeat Loci
The Polymerase Chain Reaction
Early PCR-Based Discrete- Allele Systems
More PCR-Based Systems: Short Tandem Repeats and Alphabet Soup
Deracializing DNA Statistics
Unscrambling Mixtures
Chapter 11. Outside the Nucleus: Mitochondrial DNA
The Ordeal of Clara and Emmanuel Rojas
The Ghost of Corleone
The Last Tsar
Chapter 12. Stray Hairs
Ware’s Hair
Saving Simpson’s Scalp
A Connecticut Yankee in Court
An Experiment in Delaware
Chapter 13. Learning from DNA
Payment
Selection and Cultivation
Exposure
Neutral Expertise
Other Reforms
Appendix: Timeline of Selected Developments in or Affecting Forensic Genetics
Notes
References
Cases and Statutes
Index