Name: Sanskrit Grammar: Including both the Classical Language, and the Older Dialects, of Veda and Brahmana, 2nd ed
Author: Whitney, William Dwight
ISBN: 9780674788107

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Sanskrit Grammar: Including both the Classical Language, and the Older Dialects, of Veda and Brahmana, 2nd ed

by William Dwight Whitney

Harvard University Press, 1889
Cloth: 978-0-674-78810-7

TOC

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CONTENTS

Preface

Introduction

I.
Alphabet

II.
System of Sounds; Pronunciation

Vowels

Consonants

Quantity

Accent

III.
Rules of Euphonic Combination

Introductory

Principles

Rules of Vowel Combination

Permitted Finals

Deaspiration

Surd and Sonant Assimilation

Combinations of Final s and r

Conversion of s to s

Conversion of n to n

Conversion of Dental Mutes to Linguals and Palatals

Combinations of Final n

Combinations of Final m

the Palatal Mutes and Sibilant, and h

the Lingual Sibilant

Extension and Abbreviation

Strengthening and Weakening Processes

Guna and Vrddhi

Vowel–lengthening

Vowel–lightening

Nasal Increment

Reduplication

IV.
Declension

Gender, Number, Case

Uses of the Cases

Endings of declension

Variation of Stem

Accent in Declension

V.
Nouns and Adjectives

Classification etc.

Declension I., Stems in a

Declension II., Stems in i and u

Declension III., Stems in Long Vowels (ā, ī, ū): A. Root-words etc.

Stems in Diphthongs

B. Derivative Stems etc.

Declension IV., Stems in r or ar

Declension V., Stems in Consonants

A. Root-stems etc.

B. Derivative Stems in as, is, us

C. Derivative Stems in an

D. in in

E. in ant or at

F. Perfect Participles in vāns

G. Comparatives in yāns or yas

Comparison

VI.
Numerals

Cardinals

Ordinals etc.

VII.
Pronouns

Personal

Demonstrative

Interrogative

Relative

other Pronouns: Emphatic, Indefinite

Nouns used pronominally

Pronominal Derivatives, Possessives etc.

Adjectives declined pronominally

VIII.
Conjugation

Voice, Tense, Mode, Number, Person

Verbal Adjectives and Nouns

Secondary Conjugations

Personal Endings

Subjunctive Mode

Optative

Imperative

Uses of the Modes

Participles

Augment

Reduplication

Accent of the Verb

IX.
The Present–System

General

Conjugations and Conjugation Classes

Root-Class (second or ad-class)

Reduplicating Class (third or hu-class)

Nasal Class (seventh or rudh-class)

nu and u-Classes (fifth and eighth, or su- and tan-classes)

nā-Class (ninth or krī-class)

a-Class (first or bhū-class)

Accented á-Class (sixth or tud-class)

ya-Class (fourth or div-class)

Accented yá-Class or Passive Conjugation

So-called tenth or cur-class

Uses of the Present and Imperfect

X.
The Perfect–System

Perfect Tense

Perfect Participle

Modes of the Perfect

Pluperfect

Uses of the Perfect

XI.
The Aorist–Systems

Classification

I. Simple Aorist: 1. Root-Aorist

Passive Aorist 3d sing.

2. the a-Aorist

II. 3. Reduplicated Aorist

III. Sibilant Aorist

4. the a-Aorist

5. the is-Aorist

6. the sis-Aorist

7. the sa-Aorist

Precative

Uses of the Aorist

XII.
The Future–Systems

I. The s-Future

Preterit of the s-Future, Conditional

II. The Periphrastic Future

Uses of the Futures and Conditional

XIII.
Verbal Adjectives and Nouns: Participles, Infinitives, Gerunds

Passive Participle in tá or ná

Past Active Participle in tavant

Future Passive Participles, Gerundives

Infinitives

Uses of the Infinitives

Gerunds

Adverbial Gerund in am

XIV.
Derivative or Secondary Conjugation

I. Passive

II. Intensive

Present-System

Perfect, Aorist, Future, etc.

III. Desiderative

Present-System

Perfect, Aorist, Future, etc.

IV. Causative

Present-System

Perfect, Aorist, Future, etc.

V. Denominative

XV.
Periphrastic and Compound Conjugation

The Periphrastic Perfect

Participial Periphrastic Phrases

Composition with Prepositional Prefixes

Other Verbal Compounds

XVI.
Indeclinables

Adverbs

Prepositions

Conjunctions

Interjections

XVII.
Derivation of Declinable Stems

A. Primary Derivatives

B. Secondary Derivatives

XVIII.
Formation of Compound Stems

Classification

I. Copulative Compounds

II. Determinative Compounds

A. Dependent Compounds

B. Descriptive Compounds

III. Secondary Adjective Compounds

A. Possessive Compounds

B. Compound -with Governed Final Member

Adjective Compounds as Nouns and as Adverbs

Anomalous Compounds

Stem-finals altered in Composition

Loose Construction with Compounds

Appendix

A. Examples of Various Sanskrit Type

B. Example of Accentuated Text

Synopsis of the conjugation of roots bhū and kr

Sanskrit Index

General Index

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