Contents
Acknowledgments
A Note to the Logic Instructor
A Note to the Student
Part 1. Grammar, Rhetoric, and Logic
Lesson 1. A Grounding in Grammar
Problem Set 1: Grammar Review
Lesson 2. Rhetoric: An Introduction
Problem Set 2: Rhetorical Analysis
Lesson 3. The Canon of Five Rhetorical Skills and the Five Parts of a Classical Speech
Problem Set 3: The Rhetoric of Socrates in the Apology
Lesson 4. The Three Rhetorical Appeals
Problem Set 4: The Three Appeals
Lesson 5. Aristotle Invents Logic—Twice
Problem Set 5: Problem Solving
Lesson 6. Aristotle Organizes the Logic of Discovery and Proof
Problem Set 6: Three Acts of the Mind
Part 2. The Logic of Terms
Lesson 7. Language, Thought, and Reality
Problem Set 7: Signs
Lesson 8. Categories: Working toward Definitions by Answering the “What?” Question
Problem Set 8: Recognizing and Using Categories
Lesson 9. Clarifying Concepts through Division and Collection of Terms
Problem Set 9: Argument Using Division
Lesson 10. Aristotle’s Predicables
Problem Set 10: Recognizing Essence, Property, and Accident
Lesson 11. Answering the “Why?” Question: Causes
Problem Set 11: The Four Causes
Lesson 12. Different Kinds of Definitions
Problem Set 12: Definitions
Part 3. The Logic of Propositions
Lesson 13. Statements and Propositions
Problem Set 13: Statements and Propositions
Lesson 14. Properties of Categorical Propositions
Problem Set 14: Basic Categorical Propositions
Lesson 15. Recognizing the Kinds of Categorical Propositions
Problem Set 15: Advanced Categorical Propositions
Lesson 16. Categorical Propositions in Context
Problem Set 16: Propositions in Context
Lesson 17. Euler and Venn Diagrams of Propositions
Problem Set 17: Euler and Venn Diagrams of Propositions
Lesson 18. Opposition
Problem Set 18: Opposition
Lesson 19. Conversion
Problem Set 19: Conversion
Lesson 20. Obversion
Problem Set 20: Obversion and Advanced Manipulations
Lesson 21. Hypothetical Propositions
Problem Set 21: Hypothetical Propositions
Lesson 22. Advanced Conditional Propositions
Problem Set 22: Advanced Hypothetical Propositions
Part 4. The Logic of Arguments
Lesson 23. Two Kinds of Reasoning
Problem Set 23: Distinguishing Deductive from Inductive Reasoning
Lesson 24. The Categorical Syllogism
Problem Set 24: Identifying Categorical Syllogisms
Lesson 25. Validity of Categorical Syllogisms
Problem Set 25: Validity of Categorical Syllogisms
Lesson 26. Categorical Syllogisms in Prose
Problem Set 26: Categorical Syllogisms in Prose
Lesson 27. Venn Diagrams of Categorical Syllogisms
Problem Set 27: Venn Diagrams of Categorical Syllogisms
Lesson 28. Enthymemes and Epicheiremas
Problem Set 28: Enthymemes and Epicheiremas
Lesson 29. Extended Categorical Arguments
Problem Set 29: Longer Categorical Arguments
Lesson 30. Hypothetical Arguments
Problem Set 30: Hypothetical Arguments
Lesson 31. Advanced Hypothetical Arguments
Problem Set 31: Standardized Test–Style Arguments
Lesson 32. Induction
Problem Set 32: Induction
Lesson 33. Complex Arguments
Problem Set 33: Complex Arguments
Answers to Selected Problems
Appendixes
Appendix 1: Chronology of Logicians and Their Logical Works
Appendix 2: A Selection of English-Language Textbooks in Logic
Bibliography
Index of Names
Index of Subjects