Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Preface
Part I: Service by Professional Police Officers
1. Two Transformations in Police Upgrading
Police Work • The Transformation toward Professional Police Administration • The Transformation toward Professional Police Officers • The Pace of the Two Transformations • What Makes a Good Police Department? • Overview of the Book
2. Overcoming Inertia
Resistance to Change • Critique from the Perspective of Professional Administrators • Fear of Change • The Commissioner • Overcoming the Fear of Change • Opportunities and Resources for Growth • Civil Service and Union Impediments • Leaving the Cowpath for New Roads • Authority over Police
3. Patrol Officers: General Practitioners Who Make House Calls
The Diverse Work of Patrol • Skill in the Use of Discretion • Police Service as Evaluated by Recipients • Response Time as a Misused Performance Measure • Consumer Demand as a Rough Measure of Consumer Satisfaction • The Long, Hard Road to Open Exercise of Discretion
4. The Hospital Model
Insights from Organization Theory • An Overview of the Hospital Model • The People Attracted to Police Work • Increasing Individual Accountability • Weak Departmental Accountability • Increasing the Skills and Status of Police Officers • Similarities between Policing and Public Health Medicine
Part II: Coping with Crime
5. Arrests
Legal Arrests • Proper Treatment of Prisoners • A Broad Base of Public Involvement • Arrest Performance • Organizational Changes to Facilitate Burglary Arrests • Court Outcomes of Arrest • Using the Hospital Model to Produce New Patterns of Arrest
6. Solving Crime Problems
The Crime Index as a False Performance Measure • Preventing Crimes by Working with Youth • Reducing the Access of Potential Offenders • Crime Prevention through Work with Potential Victims Helping Victims
7. From Fear of Crime to Sense of Safety
Wave of Fear • Throwing Manpower at Crime • A Building to Radiate Crime Prevention • Crime Problems and Fear Problems • Explaining the Sense of Safety from Criminal Attack • A Conflict over Crime News • Police Programs to Promote a Sense of Protection • Friendly Relations to Promote a Sense of Protection
Part III: Police Power
8. Police Malpractice
Instances of Police Malpractice • Shortcomings of Disciplinary Systems • Estimating Levels of Malpractice • Systematic Promotion of Professional Practice
9. Union Power
Union Perspectives • Union Solidarity • Bread-and-Butter Issues • Protecting Members from Management • Police Associations in Various Arenas • Contractual Impediments to Enhancement of Service • Contractual Support for Professional Service • The Structural Basis of Union-Management Power Struggles
10. Political Accountability versus Political Interference
Interference in Personnel Matters • Distinctions between Political Accountability and Interference • The Political Context of Directing a Police Department • Appointment of a Police Manager as a Tool for Accountability • Limited Accountability through the Budget Process • Elections: Confusion without Accountability • Interference and Accountability Exercised by the City Council • Summary of Accountability on Service • Summary on Police Power
Part IV: Excellence in Police Service
11. Building Bridges between Police and Public
Peaceful Use of the Streets by Everyone • Officers and Citizens Being Human Together • Common Misguided Attempts to Build Bridges • Four Fundamental Ways to Build Bridges • Police Officers and Citizens as Part of the Same Community
12. Fairness
Fairness in Law Enforcement • Fairness in the Provision of Service • Learning the Courage of Commitment • Structures to Increase Fairness
Appendix: Some Worthwhile Questions
Bibliography
General Index
Author Index