Preface
1. Introduction
2. Women‘s Activism in Historical Context
Tsarist Autocracy and Constraints on Women’s Activism • The Soviet Order • Elvira Novikova
3. Three Women and the Transition
Economic and Political Transformations • Women and the Economy • Women and Political Voice • Organizing Women as Politics • Alternative “Emancipations” • Natalia Belokopytova • The State and Ideological Emancipation
4. The Union of Women of Russia and Alevtina Fedulova
The Soviet Women’s Committee • The Committee and the Transition • Alevtina Fedulova
5. The Zhensovety and Ol’ga Bessolova
Zhensovety • Ol’ga Bessolova
6. The Center for Gender Studies, the Independent
Women’s Forum, and Anastasia Posadskaya • The Center for Gender Studies • Anastasia Posadskaya
7. The Women’s League, Gaia, and Elena Ershova
The Women’s League • Gaia • Elena Ershova
8. Business and Economic Development Organizations
The Transition and Economic Organizing • Conversion and Women and Eleanora Ivanova • The Association of Small Towns and Tatiana Tsertsvadze • The International Institute for Entrepreneurial Development and Leah Lerner • Economic Organizations and the Women’s Movement
9. Interpreting Russian Women’s Activism
Activists’ Lives in Historical Context • Analyzing the Women‘s Movement
Appendix A Registered Women’s Organizations in Russia
Appendix B Open Letter to American Women Issued on Behalf of the Congress of Soviet Women, July 1993
Notes
Interviews with Portrayed Activists
Works Cited
Index