The Emotions of Protest
by James M. Jasper
University of Chicago Press, 2018
Cloth: 978-0-226-56164-6 | Paper: 978-0-226-56178-3 | Electronic: 978-0-226-56181-3
DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.001.0001
ABOUT THIS BOOKAUTHOR BIOGRAPHYREVIEWSTABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS BOOK

In Donald Trump’s America, protesting has roared back into fashion. The Women’s March, held the day after Trump’s inauguration, may have been the largest in American history, and resonated around the world. Between Trump’s tweets and the march’s popularity, it is clear that displays of anger dominate American politics once again.

There is an extensive body of research on protest, but the focus has mostly been on the calculating brain—a byproduct of structuralism and cognitive studies—and less on the feeling brain. James M. Jasper’s work changes that, as he pushes the boundaries of our present understanding of the social world. In The Emotions of Protest, Jasper lays out his argument, showing that it is impossible to separate cognition and emotion. At a minimum, he says, we cannot understand the Tea Party or Occupy Wall Street or pro- and anti-Trump rallies without first studying the fears and anger, moral outrage, and patterns of hate and love that their members feel.

This is a book centered on protest, but Jasper also points toward broader paths of inquiry that have the power to transform the way social scientists picture social life and action. Through emotions, he says, we are embedded in a variety of environmental, bodily, social, moral, and temporal contexts, as we feel our way both consciously and unconsciously toward some things and away from others. Politics and collective action have always been a kind of laboratory for working out models of human action more generally, and emotions are no exception. Both hearts and minds rely on the same feelings racing through our central nervous systems. Protestors have emotions, like everyone else, but theirs are thinking hearts, not bleeding hearts. Brains can feel, and hearts can think.

AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY

James M. Jasper teaches sociology at the Graduate Center, City University of New York. He is the author of many books, including The Art of Moral Protest and Getting Your Way, both published by the University of Chicago Press.

REVIEWS

Winner
— American Sociological Association Section on the Sociology of Emotions Outstanding Recent Contribution Award

“The Emotions of Protest has a vast scope, both chronologically and in terms of fitting various theoretical moments and turns into an overarching narrative. This moves smoothly between and across academic disciplines, too, from political philosophy to sociology and psychology. Jasper is broadly successful in terms of steering a route through the maelstrom of politics, action, motivation and emotions. . .The success of The Emotions of Protest lies in its relatability. We know (or, at least, we think we know) our own emotions and what provokes them, and so it’s perhaps inevitable that readers will identify with a thesis that celebrates and moves them to centre-stage. Jasper’s knowledge of the field is breathtaking.”
— Times Higher Education

“Highly recommended. . .A definitive, systematic book that explores emotions in politics and in social action writ large. . .This is an outstanding book, suitable for academicians in all social sciences and for any professionals with responsibility for organizing and managing social and political protests.”
— Choice

“With The Emotions of Protest, Jasper– one of the main figures in this field for decades–wrote a book that is useful for exploring recent emotion research across various disciplines, obtaining an informed overview of emotions in protest and politics, and finding inspiration for future research on protest, politics, emotion, and human action. In its ambitious scope the book promises an overview of emotions in politics, but the typology may also hold for many more processes and social actions. Thereby, the book successfully develops a perspective on emotions that is cultural and interactive, based on, and explaining, meaning and interpretation, micro- as well as macro-social processes. Due to Jasper’s accessible writing style and the many examples, the book makes for a good read and will be of interest to students, researchers, and non-academic readers alike.”
— Soziopolis

“This is the big systematic theory book we've been waiting for about emotions in politics and, indeed, in all social action. Jasper makes a big advance for theory of emotions, using social protests as a key research site.”
— Randall Collins, University of Pennsylvania

“Jasper has been a pioneer in the field of emotions in protest, and this book is the crowning achievement of his work.”
— Linus Owens, Middlebury College

TABLE OF CONTENTS


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0001
[emotions;causal mechanisms;protest;social movements]
We can’t begin to understand action or meaning without grasping the emotions that give them life. But they come in diverse forms, ranging from short-run reflexes to long-term commitments to groups and to moral ideals. Once we distinguish these types we can see how they interact with each other: how background emotions shape our immediate reactions, and how those quick reactions can be built into ideologies and moral programs.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0002
[calculating brain;feeling-thinking processes;body;regret potential;disruption potential]
Hundreds of feeling-thinking processes are the ingredients out of which we build emotions as well as thoughts. Traditions as different as phenomenology and neurology have converged to suggest the complexity of these feelings, only a few of which we label as emotions. Far from the opposite of rationality, emotions define it, give it goals, and give us energy to pursue what we want in life. This does not mean that they don’t occasionally lead to regrettable or disruptive actions. Emotions are a part of all action, good and bad.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0003
[anger;fear;disgust;shame;humiliation;thrills;contagion]
Reflex emotions relate us primarily to changes in our physical environment, and so they are usually quick to arise and to dissipate. Reflex emotions, especially fear and anger, have been taken as the paradigm of emotions in politics, with the effect that emotions have been understood as a source of irrationality. This is an exaggeration.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0004
[pain;torture;hunger;hunger strikes;lust;addiction;fatigue]
Urges are strong feelings, not usually labeled emotions, that can distract us from other projects until they are satisfied. Torturers can use our bodies against us, but in extreme circumstances such as prison those with few other options can hold their own bodies hostage.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0005
[emotional energy;happiness;depression;resignation;deep moods;hope;confidence]
Moods can last for hours, days, or even longer. Mostly they divide into good and bad, aroused or depressed. Their biggest impact on politics is to increase or decrease the energy we devote to participation.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0006
[moral batteries;love;hate;trust;solidarity;anxiety;belonging;groups]
We have affective loyalties to all sorts of places, ideas, and of course people. The dynamics of collective identities shape our goals but also our patterns of coordination. We spend more time with those we like, trust, love, respect. There are also negative affective commitments such as distrust, hate, dislike, and disgust. Affective loyalties define much of what is important to us in life.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0007
[pride;shame;compassion;contempt;indignation;justice;praise;blame;revenge]
Social movements ultimately aim to transform our moral intuitions and principles. Morality influences us more through our emotions, and intuitively, than through well articulated statements of principle. Some morality consists of gut-level compassion for the suffering of others. Other forms include shame and pride, admiration and contempt. We also have a sense of fairness when it comes to the distribution of valued resources and opinions.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...


DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226561813.003.0008
[emotions;protest;politics;interactions;causal mechanisms;micro level;macro level;social life]
The words and concepts that people have for their emotions guide what they feel. The conclusion elaborates on this utility by linking emotions to three important topics in the study of protest and politics: different types of arenas and interactions; causal mechanisms as a way to keep our explanations honest; and how we build up from psychological and interactive building blocks at the micro level to big outcomes such as revolutions at the macro level. These themes are not restricted to politics, but have implications for all social life and our accounts of it.
This chapter is available at:
    https://academic.oup.com/chica...