A History of the Modern Fact Problems of Knowledge in the Sciences of Wealth and Society
by Mary Poovey
University of Chicago Press, 1998
Cloth: 978-0-226-67525-1 | Paper: 978-0-226-67526-8 | Electronic: 978-0-226-67518-3
DOI: 10.7208/chicago/9780226675183.001.0001
ABOUT THIS BOOKTABLE OF CONTENTS

ABOUT THIS BOOK

How did the fact become modernity's most favored unit of knowledge? How did description come to seem separable from theory in the precursors of economics and the social sciences?

Mary Poovey explores these questions in A History of the Modern Fact, ranging across an astonishing array of texts and ideas from the publication of the first British manual on double-entry bookkeeping in 1588 to the institutionalization of statistics in the 1830s. She shows how the production of systematic knowledge from descriptions of observed particulars influenced government, how numerical representation became the privileged vehicle for generating useful facts, and how belief—whether figured as credit, credibility, or credulity—remained essential to the production of knowledge.

Illuminating the epistemological conditions that have made modern social and economic knowledge possible, A History of the Modern Fact provides important contributions to the history of political thought, economics, science, and philosophy, as well as to literary and cultural criticism.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgments

1. The Modern Fact, the Problem of Induction, and Questions of Method

Ancient Facts, Modern Facts

Methodological Considerations

Thematic Overview

2. Accommodating Merchants: Double-Entry Bookkeeping, Mercantile Expertise, and the Effect of Accuracy

“This Exquisite Deep-Diving Science”

From Rhetoric to Reason of State

3. The Political Anatomy of the Economy: English Science and Irish Land

The Crisis in Knowledge and the Question of Method

William Petty, Ireland, and Economic Matters of Fact

The Authority of Mathematical Instruments

4. Experimental Moral Philosophy and the Problems of Liberal Governmentality

Government by Taste in the Work of Defoe and Hume

Experimental Moral Philosophy

David Hume: From Experimental Moral Philosophy to the Essay

5. From Conjectural History to Political Economy

Scottish Conjectural History

Description and System: The Constitution of Political Economy

The Detour through Scotland: Johnson’s Journey to the Western Islands

6. Reconfiguring Facts and Theory: Vestiges of Providentialism in the New Science of Wealth

Institutionalizing Political Economy: Dugald Stewart and the Repudiation of Particulars

Thomas Malthus and the Revaluation of Numerical Representation

Popularizing Political Economy: J. R. McCulloch and the Taxonomy of Modern Knowledge

7. Figures of Arithmetic, Figures of Speech: The Problem of Induction in the 1830s

Statistics in the 1830s

John Herschel and John Stuart Mill: Induction, Deduction, and the Limits of Scientific Method

Poems and Systems: The Emergence of the Postmodern Fact

Notes

Bibliography

Index