front cover of Composing Ourselves
Composing Ourselves
The Little Theatre Movement and the American Audience
Dorothy Chansky
Southern Illinois University Press, 2005

When movies replaced theatre as popular entertainment in the years 1910–20, the world of live drama was wide open for reform. American advocates and practitioners founded theatres in a spirit of anticommercialism, seeking to develop an American audience for serious theatre, mounting plays in what would today be called “alternative spaces,” and uniting for the cause an eclectic group of professors, social workers, members of women’s clubs, bohemians, artists, students, and immigrants. This rebellion, called the Little Theatre Movement, also prompted and promoted the college theatre major, the inclusion of theatre pedagogy in K–12 education, prototypes for the nonprofit model, and the notion that theatre is a valuable form of self-expression.

Composing Ourselves: The Little Theatre Movement and the American Audience argues that the movement was a national phenomenon, not just the result of aspirants copying the efforts of the much-storied Provincetown Players, Washington Square Players, Neighborhood Playhouse, and Chicago Little Theatre. Going beyond the familiar histories of the best-known groups, Dorothy Chansky traces the origins of both the ideas and the infrastructures for serious theatre that are ordinary parts of the American cultural landscape today; she also investigates the gender discrimination, racism, and class insensitivity that were embedded in reformers’ ideas of the “universal” and that still trouble the rhetoric of regional, educational, and community theatre.

An important piece of revisionist history, Composing Ourselves shows how theatre reform, in keeping with other Progressive Era activism, took on corporate, conservative society, but did so in ways that were sometimes contradictory. For example, women constituted the majority of ticket buyers and the bulk of unsung labor, yet plays by women were considered inferior. Most reformers were comfortably middle class and sought change that would eliminate the anomie of modernity but not challenge their privileged positions.

Chansky deliberates on antifeminist images of women theatergoers in literature and cartoons and considers the achievements and failures of the Drama League of America, a network of women’s clubs, following up with a case study of the playwright Alice Gerstenberg to point out that theatre history has not fully realized the role of women in the Little Theatre Movement. Even as women were earning the majority of degrees in newly minted theatre programs, their paths were barred to most professional work except teaching. Chansky also considers a blackface production of a play about rural African Americans, which was a step towards sympathetic portrayals of minority characters yet still a reinforcement of white upper- and middle-class perspectives.

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front cover of Kitchen Sink Realisms
Kitchen Sink Realisms
Domestic Labor, Dining, and Drama in American Theatre
Dorothy Chansky
University of Iowa Press, 2015
From 1918’s Tickless Time through Waiting for Lefty, Death of a Salesman, A Streetcar Named Desire, A Raisin in the Sun, and The Prisoner of Second Avenue to 2005’s The Clean House, domestic labor has figured largely on American stages. No dramatic genre has done more than the one often dismissively dubbed “kitchen sink realism” to both support and contest the idea that the home is naturally women’s sphere. But there is more to the genre than even its supporters suggest.

In analyzing kitchen sink realisms, Dorothy Chansky reveals the ways that food preparation, domestic labor, dining, serving, entertaining, and cleanup saturate the lives of dramatic characters and situations even when they do not take center stage. Offering resistant readings that rely on close attention to the particular cultural and semiotic environments in which plays and their audiences operated, she sheds compelling light on the changing debates about women’s roles and the importance of their household labor across lines of class and race in the twentieth century.

The story begins just after World War I, as more households were electrified and fewer middle-class housewives could afford to hire maids. In the 1920s, popular mainstream plays staged the plight of women seeking escape from the daily grind; African American playwrights, meanwhile, argued that housework was the least of women’s worries. Plays of the 1930s recognized housework as work to a greater degree than ever before, while during the war years domestic labor was predictably recruited to the war effort—sometimes with gender-bending results. In the famously quiescent and anxious 1950s, critiques of domestic normalcy became common, and African American maids gained a complexity previously reserved for white leading ladies. These critiques proliferated with the re-emergence of feminism as a political movement from the 1960s on. After the turn of the century, the problems and comforts of domestic labor in black and white took center stage. In highlighting these shifts, Chansky brings the real home.
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front cover of Theatre History Studies 2007, Vol. 27
Theatre History Studies 2007, Vol. 27
Edited by Rhona Justice-Malloy
University of Alabama Press, 2007
Theatre History Studies is a peer-reviewed journal of theatre history and scholarship published annually since 1981 by the Mid-American Theatre Conference (MATC), a regional body devoted to theatre scholarship and practice. The conference encompasses the states of Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. The purpose of the conference is to unite persons and organizations within the region with an interest in theatre and to promote the growth and development of all forms of theatre.
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front cover of Theatre History Studies 2011, Vol. 31
Theatre History Studies 2011, Vol. 31
Rhona Justice-Malloy
University of Alabama Press, 2011
"Theatre History Studies" is a peer-reviewed journal of theatre history and scholarship published annually since 1981 by the Mid-American Theatre Conference (MATC), a regional body devoted to theatre scholarship and practice.  The conference encompasses the states of Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio. The purpose of the conference is to unite persons and organizations within the region with an interest in theatre and to promote the growth and development of all forms of theatre.

THS is a member of the Council of Editors of Learned Journals and is included in the MLA Directory of Periodicals. THS is indexed in Humanities Index, Humanities Abstracts, Book Review Index, MLA International Bibliography, International Bibliography of Theatre, Arts & Humanities Citation Index, IBZ International Bibliography of Periodical Literature, and IBR International Bibliography of Book Reviews. Full texts of essays appear in the databases of both Humanities Abstracts Full Text as well as SIRS

From published reviews

“This established annual is a major contribution to the scholarly analysis and historical documentation of international drama. Refereed, immaculately printed and illustrated . . . . The subject coverage ranges from the London season of 1883 to the influence of David Belasco on Eugene O’Neill.”—CHOICE

“International in scope but with an emphasis on American, British, and Continental theater, this fine academic journal includes seven to nine scholarly articles dealing with everything from Filipino theater during the Japanese occupation to numerous articles on Shakespearean production to American children’s theater. . . . an excellent addition for academic, university, and large public libraries.”—Magazines for Libraries, 6th Edition

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front cover of Theatre History Studies 2017, Vol. 36
Theatre History Studies 2017, Vol. 36
Edited by Sara Freeman
University of Alabama Press, 2017
A peer-reviewed journal of theatre history and scholarship published annually since 1981 by the Mid-American Theatre Conference.

Theatre History Studies is devoted to research in all areas of theatre studies, with special interest in archival research, historical documentation, and historiography. Many issues feature a special section curated around a special theme or topic; for 2017 that special section focus on histories of new writing for the theatre.

Featured in THEATRE HISTORY STUDIES 2017, VOLUME 36
  • “Resisting Arlecchino’s Mask: The Case of Marcello Moretti” by Gabrielle Houle
  • “Making Space for Performance: Theatrical-Architectural Nationalism in Postindependence Ghana” by David Afriyie Donkor
  • “Preparing Boys for War: J. M. Barrie’s Peter Pan Enlists in World War I’s ‘Great Adventure’” by Laura Ferdinand Feldmeyer
  • “Not Just Rock ‘n’ Roll: Chicago Theatre, 1984–1990” by Julie Jackson
  • “New Writing and Theatre History” by Sara Freeman
  • “New Plays in New Tongues: Bilingualism and Immigration at the New Italian Theatre in France” by Matthew McMahan
  • “The Waterloo Summer of the Prince of Wales’s Theatre: New Writing, Old Friends, and Early Realism in the Victorian Theatre” by Shannon Epplett
  • “Chekhov’s Three Sisters: A Proto-Poststructuralist Experiment” by Sarah Wyman
  • “Historicizing Shakesfear and Translating Shakespeare Anew” by Lezlie C. Cross
  • “A New Noble Kinsmen: The Play On! Project and Making New Plays Out of Old” by Martine Kei Green-Rogers and Alex N. Vermillion
  • “Making New Theatre Together: The First Writers’ Group at the Royal Court Theatre and Its Legacy Within the Young Writers’ Programme” by Nicholas Holden
  • “New Writing in a Populist Context: A Play,a Pie, and a Pint” by Deana Nichols
  • “American Playwriting and the Now New” by Todd London
  • The Robert A. Schanke Award-Winning Essay: “Black Folk’s Theatre to Black Lives Matter: The Black Revolution on Campus” by La Donna L. Forsgren
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front cover of Working in the Wings
Working in the Wings
New Perspectives on Theatre History and Labor
Edited by Elizabeth A. Osborne and Christine Woodworth
Southern Illinois University Press, 2015

Theatre has long been an art form of subterfuge and concealment. Working in the Wings: New Perspectives on Theatre History and Labor, edited by Elizabeth A. Osborne and Christine Woodworth, brings attention to what goes on behind the scenes, challenging, and revising our understanding of work, theatre, and history.

Essays consider a range of historic moments and geographic locations—from African Americans’ performance of the cakewalk in Florida’s resort hotels during the Gilded Age to the UAW Union Theatre and striking automobile workers in post–World War II Detroit, to the struggle in the latter part of the twentieth century to finish an adaptation of Moby Dick for the stage before the memory of creator Rinde Eckert failed. Contributors incorporate methodologies and theories from fields as diverse as theatre history, work studies, legal studies, economics, and literature and draw on traditional archival materials, including performance texts and architectural structures, as well as less tangible material traces of stagecraft.

Working in the Wings looks at the ways in which workers' identities are shaped, influenced, and dictated by what they do; the traces left behind by workers whose contributions have been overwritten; the intersections between the sometimes repetitive and sometimes destructive process of creation and the end result—the play or performance; and the ways in which theatre affects the popular imagination. This collected volume draws attention to the significance of work in the theatre, encouraging a fresh examination of this important subject in the history of the theatre and beyond.

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