Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................................................tk
Part I: Greece
1-The Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 1
2-Aesop: Satirist as Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 16
3-Archilochus: Sacred Obscenity and Judgment 36
4-Hipponax: Creating the Pharmakos 53
5-Homer: The Trial of the Rhapsode 63
6-Hesiod: Consecrate Murder 69
7-Shadows of Hesiod: Divine Protection and Lonely Death 80
8-Sappho: The Barbed Rose 88
9-Alcaeus: Poetry, Politics, Exile 98
10-Theognis: Faceless Exile 106
11-Tyrtaeus: The Lame General 112
12-Aeschylus: Little Ugly One 123
13-Euripides: Sparagmos of an Iconoclast 128
14-Aristophanes: Satirist versus Politician 136
15-Socrates: The New Aesop 147
16-Victim of the Muses: Mythical Poets 159
Part II: Indo-European Context
17-Kissing the Leper: The Excluded Poet in Irish Myth 182
18-The Stakes of the Poet: Starka_r/Suibhne 207
19-The Sacrificed Poet: Germanic Myths 241
Part III: Rome
20-"Wounded by Tooth that Drew Blood": The Beginnings of Satire in Rome 256
21-Naevius: Dabunt malum Metelli Naevio poetae 262
22-Cicero Maledicus, Cicero Exul 268
23-Ovid: Practicing the Studium Fatale 280
24-Phaedrus: Another Fabulist 287
25-Seneca, Petronius, and Lucan: Neronian Victims 291
26-Juvenal: The Burning Poet 298
Part IV: Conclusions
27-Transformations of Myth: The Poet, Society, and the Sacred 303
Epilogue 314
Appendices:
A-Poetry, Aggression, Ritual 316
B-Aggression and the Defensive Topos: Archilochus, Callimachus, Horace 322
C-Themes 333
Abbreviations and Bibliography......................................................................................................337
Index...................................................................................................................................................tk