Contents
List of tables
List of plates
Foreword, by John Speth
Preface
Chapter 1: Introduction
Theory and Choice of Variables
The Influence of Previous Studies of Pygmies
The Physical Environment
The Effects of Human Occupation
Peoples Inhabiting the Ituri Forest
The Study Area Study Populations
Sample Populations
The Lese Dese
The Efe
The Annual Cycle
The Efe Annual Cycle
Choice of Observation Technique
Sampling Schedules
Recording Methods
All-Day Observations of Behavior
Observer Effect
The Problem of Independence
Observations of Hunts
Demography
Anthropometry
Food Procurement and Exchange
Quid Pro Quo
Data Analyses
Chapter 4: Activity Patterns and Food Acquisition
Hunting
Food Gathering
Honey Gathering
Collecting Firewood and Water
Camp Maintenance
Manufacture and Maintenance of Implements
Village-Related Work
Travel Between Camp and Village
Total Subsistence-Related Work
Child Care
Recreation
Smoking
Distance Traveled
The Effect of Age on Distance Traveled
The Kinds of Illness
Health and Activity
The Effects of Weather on Activity
Camp Location
Seasonal Location of Camps
Activity Patterns: Forest vs. Village
Total Subsistence Work
Food Acquisition
Summary
Conclusion
Chapter 5: The Sociology of Efe Hunting
Monkey Hunts
Ambush Hunts
Group Hunts
Locomotor Patterns
Monkey Hunts
Ambush Hunts
Group Hunts
The Effect of Sharing on Individual Procurement Success
Age and Procurement Success
Limited Needs for Meat
Comparison of Hunting Returns: All Methods
The Advantages of Group Hunting
Summary
Chapter 6: Hunting Success and Marriage
Marriage Patterns of Efe and Lese
Efe Male Strategies of Competition
Overall Hunting Success
Marital Success and Hunting Success
Wealth, Hunting and Marriage
Chapter 7: Conclusion
The Pygmy-Villager Relationship
Sex Differences in Behavior
References Cited
Appendix 1: Questionnaire
Appendix 2: Checksheet
Appendix 3: Glossary of Codes and Definitions
Plates