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Direct Current (DC) transmission and distribution technologies have evolved in recent years. They offer superior efficiency, current carrying capacity, and response times as compared to conventional AC systems. Further, substantial advantages are their natural interface with many types of renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaic systems and battery energy storage systems at relatively high voltage, and compliance with consumer electronics at lower voltages, say, within a household environment. One of the core building blocks of DC-based technologies, especially at medium voltage levels, is power electronic systems technology. This cannot be emphasized enough as these units process, convert, and regulate all DC power and provide intelligence and sensing as electric power grids evolve.

A metaheuristic is a consistent set of ideas, concepts, and operators to design a heuristic optimization algorithm, that can provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem with incomplete or imperfect information. Modern and emerging power systems, with the growing complexity of distributed and intermittent generation, are an important application for such methods.

A metaheuristic is a higher-level procedure designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic or partial search algorithm that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. Metaheuristics can often find good solutions with less computational effort than other algorithms. Modern and emerging power systems, with the growing complexity of distributed and intermittent generation and EV charging, are an application for such methods.

A metaheuristic is a higher-level procedure designed to find, generate, or select a heuristic or partial search algorithm that may provide a sufficiently good solution to an optimization problem with incomplete or imperfect information or limited computation capacity. Metaheuristics can often find good solutions with less computational effort than other algorithms. Modern and emerging power systems, with the growing complexity of distributed and intermittent generation and EV charging, are an application for such methods.

Commercial energy storage has moved from the margins to the mainstream as it fosters flexibility in our smarter, increasingly integrated energy systems. Natural gas has been identified by many as the fuel to take us to the no-carbon horizon; where a hydrogen economy waits on development. These two actors are already connected in precursor applications as transitional solutions for hydrogen handling and transportation are sought ahead of a fully established hydrogen infrastructure.

A companion to Embedded Generation (IET, 2000), this book is a timely publication for an evolving industry. Renewable energy, ancillary services and deregulation of the power industry are changing electricity delivery networks. Microgrids, smartgrids and active distribution networks require a sound understanding of the basic concepts, generation technologies, impacts, operation, control and management, economic viability and market participation involved in grid integration. Practicing engineers in utilities and industry, researchers and students will appreciate this lucid description of the technologies that will enable future electricity systems.

Large rural areas in some regions of the world are still grappling with the challenge of electrification. The optimal solution is to provide reliable energy without adding more fossil fuel plants by using distributed renewable generation.

Microgrids have emerged as a promising solution for accommodating the integration of renewable energy resources. But the intermittency of renewable generation is posing challenges such as voltage/frequency fluctuations, and grid stability issues in grid-connected modes. Model predictive control (MPC) is a method for controlling a process while satisfying a set of constraints. It has been in use for chemical plants and in oil refineries since the 1980s, but in recent years has been deployed for power systems and electronics as well.

Hydropower is a mature and cost-competitive renewable energy source, contributing the bulk of global renewable electricity. Over the past decades, computer technology has led to significant possible improvements in monitoring, diagnostics, protection and control through retrofitting of large plants, and there is potential for additional large plants as well as for smaller installations.

Modern power systems are highly complex due to increasing shares of intermittent renewable energy and distributed generation. Research requires computer simulation and modeling, and knowledge of methods and algorithms.

Thanks to advances in power electronics device design, digital signal processing technologies and energy efficient algorithms, ac motors have become the backbone of the power electronics industry. Variable frequency drives (VFD's) together with IE3 and IE4 induction motors, permanent magnet motors, and synchronous reluctance motors have emerged as a new generation of greener high-performance technologies, which offer improvements to process and speed control, product quality, energy consumption and diagnostics analytics.

The smart-grid concept can mean many things, however there is a consensus that its objective involves seamlessly adopting new technologies to existing infrastructures and maximising the use of resources. Modelling Distributed Energy Resources in Energy Service Networks focuses on modelling two key infrastructures in urban energy systems with embedded technologies. These infrastructures are natural gas and electricity networks and the embedded technologies include cogeneration and electric vehicle devices. The subject is addressed using a holistic modelling framework which serves as a means to an end; this end being to optimise in a coordinated manner the operation of natural gas and electrical infrastructures under the presence of distributed energy resources, thus paving the way in which smart-grids should be managed. The modelling approach developed and presented in this book, under the name 'time coordinated optimal power flow' (TCOPF), functions as a decision maker entity that aggregates and coordinates the available DERs according to multiple criteria such as energy prices and utility conditions. The examples prove the TCOPF acts effectively as an unbiased intermediary entity that manages cost-effective interactions between the connected technologies and the distribution network operators, therefore showcasing an integral approach on how to manage new technologies for the benefit of all stakeholders.

This book provides engineers, researchers and advanced students with the mathematical modelling, control and simulation tools needed for the successful design, long-term management and maintenance of a small scale hydro-power plant (HPP). It also covers the hybrid operation with other small scale renewable power plants as well as the use of a storage system. The book features case studies and test-based design, and all system components are modelled using the well-known state space form technique.

This comprehensive book describes how to systematically assess the stability of electrical grids with a high share of power electronics converters and considers what their presence in the electrical grid entails. It is divided into three areas: Part 1 presents the three fundamental stability analysis methods and tools for power electronics systems; Part 2 examines applications in power utility systems; and Part 3 describes applications in microgrids and mobile power systems.

Power devices are key to modern power systems, performing essential functions such as inverting and changing voltages, buffering, and switching. The increasing complexity of power systems, with distributed renewable generation on the rise, is posing challenges to these devices. In recent years, several new devices have emerged, including wide bandgap devices, each with advantages and weaknesses depending on circumstances and applications.

With the integration of more distributed or aggregated renewables, and the wide utilization of power electronic devices, modern power systems are facing new stability and security challenges, such as the weakly damped oscillation caused by wind farms connected through long distance transmission lines, the frequency stability problem induced by the reduction of inertia and the voltage stability issue resulting from the interactions between transmission systems and dynamic loads.

Multicore technology has brought about the reexamination of traditional power system electromagnetic transient simulation methods. The technological penetration of this advancement in power system simulation is not noticeable, but its demand is growing in importance in anticipation of the many-core shift. The availability of this technology in personal computers has orchestrated the redesign of simulation approaches throughout the software industry - and in particular, the parallelization of power system simulation.