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William Apess was the first Native American to fully, and publicly, speak out regarding the racism and unfair treatment that he and others endured. The author's writing is eloquently delivered, instilling the reader with a realistic framework of a political, historical, and personal mindset.

“Swann's ‘concrete’ renderings of the poems are visually striking and are meant to embody the notions of silence and cycle that are so important in Native American culture. . . . [He] does a fine job of encouraging readers to return to return to these original songs and poems from a culture that most latter-day Americans know far too little about.”—Anne Bromley, Georgia Review

Based on the work of anthropologist collectors, this compendium of more than 100 Native American chants and songs revises and updates a prior edition out of print since 1989. ‘These poems are not translations,’ argues Swann. They're versions that have gone through ‘a series of mediations and filters and exist somewhere between the individual lyric voice’ and a diverse, multileveled Native American imaginative-mystical identity. Whether versions, translations, or poems, whether sung at a Crazy Dance, potlatch, corn-grinding, or curative or marriage ceremony, whether celebrating buffalo, maize, red fox, or tobacco, these works capture the ‘otherness’ of the primeval spirit of the Native American fusion of natural and supernatural, animal and deity. Originally performed aloud, these ‘verbal artifacts’—which are sometimes breathtakingly pure, sometimes obscure—reveal that there can be no conventional or single notion of ‘the Indian.’”—Library Journal