University of Arizona Press, 1975 eISBN: 978-0-8165-5083-8 | Cloth: 978-0-8165-0536-4
ABOUT THIS BOOK | REVIEWS | TOC
ABOUT THIS BOOK
Re-issue, with new Preface offering recent insights, of the classic archaeological study which produced valuable findings on Hohokam perishable culture.
REVIEWS
"Popular demand has brought about this reissue of the important report which first shed light on Hohokam perishable culture and pushed back many years our knowledge of man's long occupation of the Sonoran desert."—Books of the Southwest
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Preface
PART I
INTRODUCTION
Summary of the Archaeology of Papagueria Sells Phase
Sells Phase
Distribution in Space
Distribution in Time
Excavated Sites
Unexcavated Sites
Phase Determinants
Remarks
Topawa Phase
Distribution in Space
Distribution in Time
Excavated Sites
Unexcavated Sites
Phase Determinants
Remarks
Vamori Phase
Distribution in Space
Distribution in Time
Excavated Sites
Unexcavated Sites
Phase Determinants
Remarks
Discussion
PART II
Ventana Cave
Location and Environment
Climate
Flora
Fauna
Description of Cave
The Lower Cave
The Upper Cave
The Spring
Exterior Features
The Talus Cone
The Upper Water Shed
The Papago and Ventana Cave
Procedure of Excavation
The Deposits
Lower Cave
Dry Layer
Stony Layer
Pre-Pottery Layer
Crevice Fill
Upper Cave
The Midden
Talus
Red Sand
Volcanic Debris
Conglomerate
Talus Sand and Rock
Spillway Fill
Recapitulation
PART III
The Geology and Fossil Vertebrates of Ventana Cave
Geological Interpretation of the Deposits, by Kirk Bryan
Nature of the Problem
Summary of the Facts and Simple Inferences Therefrom
The Cave and Its Water Supply
The Area
Origin of the Cave
Cave Deposits
Lower Cemented Beds
Summary
Correlation with Glacial Chronology
General Statement
"Glacial" and "Pluvial" as Terms
The Glacial Period
Correlation of Glacial Stages of the Southern Rocky Mountain Regions
The Humid Period of Ventana Cave
The Post-Humid Deposits
The Alluvial Chronology
General Statement
The Modern Arroyo
The Older Alluvium or No. 1 Fill
The Intermediate Alluvium or No. 2 Fill
The Late Alluvium or No. 3 Fill
Relation of Ventana Cave to the Alluvial Chronology
Conclusion
The Fossil Vertebrates, by Edwin H. Colbert
Introduction
Stratigraphic Relationships of the Fossils
The Vertebrates Found in Ventana Cave
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Rodentia
Carnivora
Edentata
Perissodactyla
Artiodactyla
Reptilia
Ghelonia
Analysis of the Ventana Cave Faunas
Conclusions
PART IV
Modern Fauna and Flora of the Cave Remains
Fauna
Mammals
Domesticated Mammals
Reptiles
Birds
Insects
Flora
Food
Cultivated
Maize
Pumpkin
Native
Greens
Fruits
Seeds
Quids
Plants Used, Other Than for Food
PART V
Material Culture
Analytical Procedure
Architecture
Imperishable Culture
The Older Deposits
The Conglomerate Layer
The Volcanic Debris Layer
Stone
Projectile Points
Knives
Scrapers
Gravers
Choppers
Planes
Hammer Stone
Grinding Stone
Shell
Discussion
The Younger Deposits
The Red Sand
Stone
Shell
Bone
Discussion
The Talus Wedge
The Midden Layer
Stone Implements
Implements Flaked on One Face Only
Planes
Scrapers
Flake Knives
Gravers
Implements Flaked on Two or More Faces
Flake Knives
Blanks
Ovoids
Discoidals
Choppers
Hammer Stones
Hoes
Projectile Points and Knives
Drills
Four-Pointed Objects
Ground and Pecked Stone
Metates
Manos
Mortars
Pestles
Rubbing Stones
Stone Vessels
Rasps
Knives
Ground Edge Scrapers
Axes
Palettes
Discs
Pipes
Pendant
Nose Plugs
Rings
Ball
Bead
Other Worked Stone
Miscellaneous
Lap Stones
Worked Stones
Painted Stones
Minerals
General Discussion of Stone Artifacts
Pottery
Plain Wares
Red Wares
Painted Wares
Indigenous
Recent and Modern Papago Pottery
Intrusive
Anasazi
Trincheras Culture
Hohokam: River Branch
Miscellaneous Notes on Pottery
Discussion
Miscellaneous Clay Objects
Secondary Manufacture
Worked Sherds
Primary Manufacture
Shell
Unworked Shell
Worked Shell
Utilitarian
Containers
Scrapers
Ornaments
Beads
Pendants
Bracelets
Perforated Shells
Ear Plugs (?)
Discussion
Bone and Horn
Bone
Awls
Flakers
Fleshing Tool
Scrapers
Spoons
Tubes
Dice
Painted Bone
Wrapped Rodent Jaws
Perforated Pieces
Horn
Awl Handles (?)
Hammers
Flakers
Spoons
Spatula
Discussion
Caucasian Culture
Glass
Porcelain
Metal
Iron
Zinc and Copper
Lead
Wood
Perishable Culture
Cordage
Cordage for Fur Blankets
Knotted Elements
Knots
Twisted and Coiled Elements
Netting
Knotless
Knotted
Basketry
Plaited
Coiled
Wall Techniques
Rims
Center
Splice
Form
Design
Mending
Pitching of Baskets
Twined
Discussion
Wood and Plant Artifacts
Wood
Fire-Making Apparatus
Fire Tongs
DiggingStick
Axe Handle
Scraper
Kiaha Helping Stick
Cactus Picks
Awl
Spatula
Cut Sticks
Hook
Paddles
Stoppers (?)
Burred Pieces
Perforated Sticks
Bow
Arrows
Grooved Clubs
Beads
Nose Plugs
Pillow
Dice
Painted Disc
Prayer Sticks
Miscellaneous
Plant Artifacts
Sahuaro Callus Receptacles
Gourd Vessels
Gourd Rind and Bark Discs
Gourd Rind Gaming Ring
Flute (?)
Wrapped Stick
Cane Cigarettes
Needles
Box Weave
Leather
Feathers
Dress
Breech Clouts
Fur Blankets
Sandals
Natural Fiber
Wickerwork
Sewed
Sandal Ties
Personal Adornment
Wig
Objects from Insect Products
Cocoon
Lac
Ventana Cave Textiles, by Clara Lee Tanner
Historic Textiles
Prehistoric Textiles
Weaves
Plain Weave
Gauze Weave
Weft-wrap Openwork
Belts
Plain Weave
Braided
Tapestry
Selvage Treatment
Mending
PART VI
Burials and Pictographs
Burials
Pictographs
PART VII
The Skeletal Remains of Ventana Cave, by Norman E. Gabel
Number and Preservation
Cultural Association
The Burials of the Pottery Horizon
Sex Incidence
Age Incidence
Deformation
The Vault
The Total and Upper Face
The Lower Face
Morphological Observations of the Vault
The Frontal Region
Parietal Region
Temporal Region
Occipital Region
Surture Serration
Wormian Bones
Form of Pterion
Basal Region
The Orbits
The Malars
The Nasal Region
Prognathism
The Palate
The Mandible
The Teeth
Morphological Types
Ventana-Papago Comparison
Comparison of Morphological Observations
Summary
The Burials of the Pre-Pottery Horizon
Description of Burial 35
Description of Burial 36
Description of Burial 20
Summary of the Pre-Pottery Crania
Comparison of Ventana Pre-Pottery and Pottery Crania and Modern Papago
General Summary
PART VIII
Final Discussion
Dating the Ventana Deposits
Correlations and Continuities
Changes in Economy
The Hohokam: Desert Branch
APPENDIX
Chemical Study of the Material from Several Horizons of the Ventana Cave Profile, by T. F. Buehrer
General Nature of Profile Deducible from Chemical Data