Contents
Introduction
1. Oregin and Systematic Position
Vegetative organs
Flower, fruit and seed
Monstrous forms
Germination and adolescence
Annual growth cycle and vegetative reproduction
From pollination to seed dispersal
Life-history strategies
Ophrys habitats
Distribution patterns
Divergent evolution
Hybrids and hybrid complexes
Different kinds of classifications
The classification developed for this book
5. Systematic Account
Ophrys
Key to the species and partly stabilised hybrid complexes
1. Ophrys atlantica
2. Ophrys omegaifera
3. Ophrys fusca
4. Ophrys lutea
5. Ophrys tenthredinifera
6. Ophrys bombyliflora
7. Ophrys speculum
8. Ophrys insectifera
9. Ophrys apifera
10. Ophrys umbilicata
11. Ophrys scolopax
12. Ophrys fuciflora
13. Ophrys argolica
14. Ophrys ferrum-equinum
15. Ophrys bertolonii
16. Ophrys sphegodes
17. Ophrys lunulata
18. Ophrys reinholdii
19. Ophrys kotschyi
H1. Ophrys ×brigittae
H2. Ophrys ×vicina
H3. Ophrys ×delphinensis
H4. Ophrys ×arachnitiformis
H5. Ophrys ×flavicans
Dubious records
6. Bee Orchids and Conservation
Conservation status and priorities
Protection of species or habitats?
Gene banks, artificial propagation and re-introduction
Monitoring of population development
7. Ophrys Cultivation (by Richard L. Manuel)
Growing environment
Pot culture
Pests and diseases
Vegetative propagation
Growing from seed
8. Recommended Ophrys Excursions
The Algarve
Andalusia
Mallorca
Sardinia
Southwestern Toscana
Sicily
Monte Gargano
Istria
Imettos, near Athens
Naxos
Crete
Rhodes
Samos
Lesbos
Bilbiography and References
Index Scientific Names of Orchids
Index Scientific Names of Insects
Abbreviations of Geographic Names