Society of American Archivists, 2014 eISBN: 978-1-945246-22-7 (ePub) | eISBN: 978-1-931666-69-5 (PDF)
ABOUT THIS BOOK | AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY | TOC | REQUEST ACCESSIBLE FILE
ABOUT THIS BOOK
The digital age has spurred constant technological and sociocultural change. In Conceptualizing 21st-Century Archives, author Anne J. Gilliland explores the shifts and divergences in archival discourse that technological developments have necessitated, facilitated, or inspired. Gilliland addresses the lessons the archival and recordkeeping fields can learn from their evolution about ideas tried and abandoned; which ideas are truly new, and which continue to hold good, regardless of technological shifts; and the ways in which archivists need to expand their thinking and practices to fulfill their global and local “glocal”—roles.
By understanding how archival practices and thinking were challenged or how archivists responded at different points over the past century, the reader can begin to discern how and why ideas rise, fall, and resurge. The book traces the development of descriptive systems, the creation and management of computer-generated records, and the curation of digital materials. With each chapter, Gilliland addresses either the historical development or the current state of an area within archival science that information and communications technology have significantly affected to ultimately construct a picture of how archives arrived in the 21st century and to suggest where they might be going in the foreseeable future.
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Dr. Anne Gilliland is professor and director of the archival studies specialization, Department of Information Studies, and director of the Center for Information as Evidence, at the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles. Her teaching and research interests relate to the design, evaluation, and history of recordkeeping, cultural and community information systems and practices, metadata creation and management, community-based archiving, and archival pluralization. Gilliland is a Fellow of the Society of American Archivists.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents Preface Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction The Archival Role in Digital Timespace Thinking and Acting “Glocally” The Evolving Archival Paradigm Some Resonating Emergent Constructs Archives as a Place and Post-custodial Approaches Archivization and Archivalization Communities of Memory and of Records Community Archives Co-creatorship Digital Repatriation The Archival Multiverse
Chapter 2. Reframing the Archive in a Digital Age: Balancing Continuity with Innovation and Responsibility with Responsibilities Archives, Power, and Politics Archives, Pluralism, and Activism Archives and Human Rights Building Digital Archives Conclusion
Chapter 3. The Quest to Integrate the World’s Knowledge: American Archival Engagement with the Documentation Movement, 1900–1950 Introduction Waldo Gifford Leland and the Introduction of European Ideas about Archival Arrangement and Description into the United States 1910 International Congress of Libraries and Archives The International Institute for Bibliography and the Documentation Movement The Archival Legacy of the 1910 Congress of Librarians and Archivists The American Documentation Institute Conclusion
Chapter 4. Standardizing and Automating American Archival Description and Access Introduction The Impact of the Public Archives and Historical Manuscripts Traditions on Early American Archival Description The Evolution of Bibliographic Description in the Twentieth Century Barriers to the Development of Standardized Automated Archival Description in the Twentieth Century Early Archival Automation and the Quest for an Archival Descriptive Standard Development of the MARC Archival and Manuscripts Control Format Development of an International Archival Descriptive Standard Development of a “More Archival” Descriptive Standard: Encoded Archival Description Issues Arising out of EAD Implementation Supporting More Complexity and More Granular Levels of Description Staying Abreast of Shifts in Descriptive Practices
Chapter 5. Archival Description and Descriptive Metadata in a Networked World Conceptualizing Descriptive Metadata The Evolving World of Descriptive Metadata Resource Description and Access (RDA) The Semantic Web, Linked Data, and Resource Description Framework (RDF) New Ways to Create and Exploit Descriptive Metadata Social Tagging Automated Tools for Metadata Creation and Exploitation Ongoing Considerations Chapter 6. Early Analog Computing, Machine-Readable Records, and the Transition to Digital Recordkeeping Early Applications of Computing The First Generation of Electronic Records Archivists The Second Generation of Electronic Records Archivists Transitioning to Digital
Chapter 7. Research in Electronic Records Management A Restated Emphasis on Evidence Overarching Questions in Electronic Records Research Definitions and Definitional Issues Defining Electronic Records Management as an Area of Research Methodological Considerations Problematizing the Record Moving Away from a Custodial Approach Developing Requirements for Electronic Records Management Preserving Authentic Electronic Records Metadata for Electronic Recordkeeping Conclusion
Chapter 8. Emergent and Related Areas of Research Personal Digital Archives and Social Media Digital Archaeology, Digital Forensics, and Digital Recovery Cloud and Mobile Computing Conclusion
Chapter 9. Recordkeeping Models Modeling and Recordkeeping The Records Continuum Model The Digital Curation Center Curation Lifecycle Model The Open Archival Information Systems (OAIS) Reference Model The InterPARES Activity Models
Chapter 10. From Custody to Stewardship: Digital Repositories, Preservation, and Curation Introduction The Evolution of Data Archives and Cyberinfrastructure Mandates for the Management of Digital Research Data Moving from Digital Preservation to Digital Curation Archivists, Digital Repositories, and Digital Curation
Chapter 11. Conclusion: The Archival Paradigm in the Postphysical World
Bibliography Index About the Author
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