This volume focuses on a still too little appreciated aspect of urban history of the modern period—the impact of the military on the development, perception, and functioning of European cities. It contains ten contributions from Europe—primarily Central and Eastern Europe, that is, from areas that belonged to the Russian, German, and Austro-Hungarian Empires—and centers on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. During this period, the process of rationalizing army maintenance led soldiers of huge militaries, often operating in far-flung countries, to relocate to modern barracks concentrated in towns and cities. These mainly urban settlements had the potential to harbor new, place-consuming infrastructure. How these precise circumstances impacted and changed European cities is the driving subject of this book.

Dragan Damjanovic is a full professor of art history at the University of Zagreb, focusing on nineteenth- and twentieth-century Croatian and Central European art. He currently leads projects funded by NextGenerationEU (Identities in Visual Arts) and the Croatian Science Foundation (Representation, Development, Education, Participation. Art in Society in 19th–21st Centuries).Aleksander Lupienko is an associate professor at the Tadeusz Manteuffel Institute of History, Polish Academy of Sciences, focusing on cultural history of urban space in (East-)Central Europe in the nineteenth century, modernization and hygienic movement, along with memory cultures and monument preservation. He currently leads project on local urban communities in the region.

Acknowledgment
Introduction: The Military Institutions and Cityscapes of Modern Europe - Dragan Damjanovic
Section 1: Military Towns
1. Austro-Hungarian Military Authorities and the City of Pula: Building a Habsburg Stronghold on the Eastern Shores of the Adriatic - Dragan Damjanovic
2. The Military and Urban Evolution in Austrian and Austro-Hungarian Sibiu - Anda-Lucia Spânu
Section 2: Processes of Spatial Military Development, Early Struggles
3. Militarizing Habsburg Urban Space – Military Architecture as an Instrument of Neo-Absolutist State-Building in Lemberg (Lviv, Lwów) after 1848 - Frank Rochow
4. Military Adaptive Reuse of Former Monastic Complexes in Southern Portugal Across Centuries - Catarina Almeida Marado
Section 3: Processes of Spatial Military Development, Mature Forms
5. Military Buildings and Their Presence in Brno from the 1840s: A Fortress Without Walls - Jan Galeta and Tomás Vales
6. Three Late-Nineteenth-Century Barracks in Ljubljana: Military Presence and Urban Development - Franci Lazarini
Section 4: Fortress cities and the debate about their development
7. The Przemysl Fortress (ca. 1850–1914). Urban Development and the Military at the Fringes of the Austrian Empire - Natalia Stojak
8. The Toru. / Thorn Fortress (1872–1914). Urban Development and the Military at the Fringes of the German Empire - Michal Pszczólkowski
Section 5: The military day-to-day
9. Russian Military Infrastructure in Warsaw as an Urban Space (1864–1915) - Aleksander Lupienko, Mariusz Kulik
10. A House of Prayer for Russian Soldiers in a Finnish Provincial Town. The Case of Hämeenlinna (1900–1923) - Tuomas Teuho
Armies and Cities – An Afterword - Aleksander Lupienko
Notes on the contributors
Index