front cover of All International Politics Is Local
All International Politics Is Local
The Diffusion of Conflict, Integration, and Democratization
Kristian Skrede Gleditsch
University of Michigan Press, 2002

How does regional interdependence influence the prospects for conflict, integration, and democratization? Some researchers look at the international system at large and disregard the enormous regional variations. Others take the concept of sovereignty literally and treat each nation-state as fully independent. Kristian Skrede Gleditsch looks at disparate zones in the international system to see how conflict, integration, and democracy have clustered over time and space. He argues that the most interesting aspects of international politics are regional rather than fully global or exclusively national. Differences in the local context of interaction influence states' international behavior as well as their domestic attributes.

In All International Politics Is Local, Gleditsch clarifies that isolating the domestic processes within countries cannot account for the observed variation in distribution of political democracy over time and space, and that the likelihood of transitions is strongly related to changes in neighboring countries and the prior history of the regional context. Finally, he demonstrates how spatial and statistical techniques can be used to address regional interdependence among actors and its implications.

Kristian Skrede Gleditsch is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of California, San Diego.

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front cover of Corporate Futures
Corporate Futures
The Diffusion of the Culturally Sensitive Corporate Form
Edited by George E. Marcus
University of Chicago Press, 1998
As we approach the end of the century, cultural, institutional, and even geopolitical change becomes the norm rather than the exception. Late Editions, edited by George E. Marcus, is a series of annuals designed to probe these changes not through the familiar academic conventions of analysis but instead through in-depth, informed conversations and interviews with individuals at the sites of these transformations. The casts of other volumes in the series include artists, oncologists, Siberian medical leaders, warhead designers, and computer junkies, all of whom take the opportunity presented by Late Editions to reflect upon the great and often puzzling shifts occurring in the cultural landscape.

Late Editions 5, Corporate Futures, questions this idea of a "cultural landscape" by focusing on the the marked investment of corporations in the concept of culture, long the purview of anthropologists and, more recently, those involved in the humanistic disciplines. Emerging in the discourse of the workplace—and traveling beyond it to traditionally alternative associations—is the idea of a "corporate culture" with its own organization, management policies and practices, and ethos. How can we understand this culture of corporations, and to what extent does it reflect self-contained communities or fragmented human existence in groups under conditions of postmodernity? Corporate Futures tackles these issues and questions through conversations with managers, financial and risk analysts, and other participants in national and international organizations.

The results—engaging, intriguing, speculative, current—continue the work begun in earlier volumes to map the terrain of the present and navigate the uncertain future.

Praise for Late Editions: "If the succeeding volumes are as compassionate and informed as the first, this series could become an essential postmodern guidebook to the world's changing cultural terrain. I plan on letting it ease me into the next century."—Catherine Gysin, Utne Reader

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The Diffusion of War
A Study of Opportunity and Willingness
Randolph M. Siverson and Harvey Starr
University of Michigan Press, 1991
Much attention has been given in the past to the onset of war—to what causes it. The authors of this timely study argue that what war causes is just as important a question. In The Diffusion of War Randolph M. Siverson and Harvey Starr investigate the “contagion” of war — or how and under what circumstances conflicts grow once they begin.Given the great consequences of the expansion of war—economic costs, human costs, and political change, for the participants and also for the international system—it is essential to ask why some wars spread and why others do not; what states are most likely to join wars and how quickly? Viewing war as a process of conflict escalation, the authors explore these important questions through considerations of opportunity and willingness. They consider how the choice to enter war relates to the geopolitical context in which that choice must be made — demonstrating that in the war experiences of states from 1816 to 1965, the effects of geographical proximity (opportunity) and the political pressures of interstate alliances (willingness) have combined to influence the infectious diffusion of war. This distinctive approach permits a synthesis of previous theory and research on war across academic disciplines and of micro- and macrolevels of analysis. Siverson and Starr offer a valuable perspective on the changing nature and process of war; their book makes broadly accessible a subject of vital relevance to the world community.
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front cover of Patents for Power
Patents for Power
Intellectual Property Law and the Diffusion of Military Technology
Robert M. Farley and Davida H. Isaacs
University of Chicago Press, 2020
In an era when knowledge can travel with astonishing speed, the need for analysis of intellectual property (IP) law—and its focus on patents, trade secrets, trademarks, and issues of copyright—has never been greater. But as Robert M. Farley and Davida H. Isaacs stress in Patents for Power, we have long overlooked critical ties between IP law and one area of worldwide concern: military technology. This deft blend of case studies, theoretical analyses, and policy advice reveals the fundamental role of IP law in shaping how states create and transmit defense equipment and weaponry.
 
The book probes two major issues: the effect of IP law on innovation itself and the effect of IP law on the international diffusion, or sharing, of technology. Discussing a range of inventions, from the AK-47 rifle to the B-29 Superfortress bomber to the MQ-1 Predator drone, the authors show how IP systems (or their lack) have impacted domestic and international relations across a number of countries, including the United States, Russia, China, and South Korea. The study finds, among other results, that while the open nature of the IP system may encourage industrial espionage like cyberwarfare, increased state uptake of IP law is helping to establish international standards for IP protection. This clear-eyed approach to law and national security is thus essential for anyone interested in history, political science, and legal studies.
 
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