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33 books match the query 'Professional ethics'

cover of AIDS: Crisis in Professional Ethics

AIDS

Crisis in Professional Ethics

edited by Elliot D. Cohen and Michael Davis

Temple University Press, 1994


Do patients have the right to know their physician's HIV status?

Can a dentist refuse treatment to an HIV-positive patient?

How do educators determine whether to allow an HIV-positive child to attend school, and if they do, should the parents of other children be informed?

Should a counselor break confidentiality by disclosing to a wife that her husband is infected with HIV?

This collection of original essays carefully examines the difficult moral choices the AIDS pandemic has presented for many professionals—physicians, nurses, dentists, teachers and school administrators, business managers, psychotherapists, lawyers, clergy, journalists, and politicians. In the workplace, problems posed by HIV and AIDS have led to a reexamination of traditional codes of ethics. Providing systematic and reasoned discussions, the authors explore the moral, legal, and ethical issues involved in the reconsideration of policies, standards of conduct, and the practicality of balancing personal and professional ethics.

Contributors: Albert Flores, Joan C. Callahan, Jill Powell, Kenneth Kipnis, Al Gini, Howard Cohen, Martin Gunderson, Joseph A. Edelheit, Michael Pritchard, Vincent J. Samar, Sohair ElBaz, William Pardue, and the editors.

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cover of Acquisitions: Core Concepts and Practices

Acquisitions

Core Concepts and Practices

Jesse Holden

American Library Association, 2016

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cover of Advocacy and Awareness for Archivists

Advocacy and Awareness for Archivists

Kathleen D. Roe

Society of American Archivists, 2019

Book 3 in the Archival Fundamentals Series III
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cover of Anthropology Goes to War: Professional Ethics and Counterinsurgency in Thailand

Anthropology Goes to War

Professional Ethics and Counterinsurgency in Thailand

Eric Wakin

University of Wisconsin Press, 1998

In 1970 a coalition of student activists opposing the Vietnam War circulated documents revealing the involvement of several prominent social scientists in U.S. counterinsurgency activities in Thailand—activities that could cause harm to the people who were the subject of the scholars’ research. The disclosure of these materials, which detailed meetings with the Agency for International Development and the Defense Department, prompted two members of the Ethics Committee of the American Anthropological Association to issue an unauthorized rebuke of the accused. Over the next two years, the AAA agonized over the allegations and the appropriate response to them. Within an academic community already polarized by the war, political and professional acrimony reached unprecedented levels. Although the association ultimately passed a code of ethics, the key issues raised in the process were never fully resolved.
     Now back in print, Eric Wakin's Anthropology Goes to War is the first comprehensive study of what became known as the Thailand Controversy—and a timely reminder of a debate whose echoes may be heard in our own time.


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cover of Archival Values: Essays in Honor of Mark A. Greene

Archival Values

Essays in Honor of Mark A. Greene

Christine Weideman

Society of American Archivists, 2019

As a practitioner, administrator, teacher, theorist, and leader, Mark A. Greene (1959–2017) was one of the most influential archivists of his generation on US archival theory and practice. He helped shape the modern American archivist identity through the establishment of a core set of values for the profession. In this exquisite collection of essays, twenty-three archivists from repositories across the profession examine the values that comprise the Core Values statement of the Society of American Archivists. For each value, several archivists comment on what the value means to them and how it reflects and impacts archival work. These essays clearly demonstrate how core values empower archivists’ interactions with resource providers, legislators, donors, patrons, and the public. For anyone who wishes to engage in thinking about what archivists do and why, Archival Values is essential reading.
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cover of Archival Values: Essays in Honor of Mark A. Greene

Archival Values

Essays in Honor of Mark A. Greene

Christine Weideman

American Library Association, 2019

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cover of Archival Virtue: Relationship, Obligation, and the Just Archives

Archival Virtue

Relationship, Obligation, and the Just Archives

Scott Cline

Society of American Archivists, 2021

Archival literature is full of what we do and how we do it. In Archival Virtue, Scott Cline raises questions that grapple with the meaning of what we do and, perhaps more important, who we are. A book about archivists as individuals and as community, Archival Virtue explores ideas of moral commitment, truth, difference, and just behavior in the pursuit of archival ideals.
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cover of Archives Power

Archives Power

Randall C. Jimerson

American Library Association, 2009

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cover of Beyond Banned Books: Defending Intellectual Freedom throughout Your Library

Beyond Banned Books

Defending Intellectual Freedom throughout Your Library

Kristin Pekoll

American Library Association, 2019

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cover of Contesting Medical Confidentiality: Origins of the Debate in the United States, Britain, and Germany

Contesting Medical Confidentiality

Origins of the Debate in the United States, Britain, and Germany

Andreas-Holger Maehle

University of Chicago Press, 2016

Medical confidentiality is an essential cornerstone of effective public health systems, and for centuries societies have struggled to maintain the illusion of absolute privacy. In this age of health databases and increasing connectedness, however, the confidentiality of patient information is rapidly becoming a concern at the forefront of worldwide ethical and political debate.
 
In Contesting Medical Confidentiality, Andreas-Holger Maehle travels back to the origins of this increasingly relevant issue. He offers the first comparative analysis of professional and public debates on medical confidentiality in the United States, Britain, and Germany during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when traditional medical secrecy first came under pressure from demands of disclosure in the name of public health. Maehle structures his study around three representative questions of the time that remain salient today: Do physicians have a privilege to refuse court orders to reveal confidential patient details? Is there a medical duty to report illegal procedures to the authorities? Should doctors breach confidentiality in order to prevent the spread of disease? Considering these debates through a unique historical perspective, Contesting Medical Confidentiality illuminates the ethical issues and potentially grave consequences that continue to stir up public debate.
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cover of Cosmopolitan Archaeologies

Cosmopolitan Archaeologies

Lynn Meskell, ed.

Duke University Press, 2009

An important collection, Cosmopolitan Archaeologies delves into the politics of contemporary archaeology in an increasingly complex international environment. The contributors explore the implications of applying the cosmopolitan ideals of obligation to others and respect for cultural difference to archaeological practice, showing that those ethics increasingly demand the rethinking of research agendas. While cosmopolitan archaeologies must be practiced in contextually specific ways, what unites and defines them is archaeologists’ acceptance of responsibility for the repercussions of their projects, as well as their undertaking of heritage practices attentive to the concerns of the living communities with whom they work. These concerns may require archaeologists to address the impact of war, the political and economic depredations of past regimes, the livelihoods of those living near archaeological sites, or the incursions of transnational companies and institutions.

The contributors describe various forms of cosmopolitan engagement involving sites that span the globe. They take up the links between conservation, natural heritage and ecology movements, and the ways that local heritage politics are constructed through international discourses and regulations. They are attentive to how communities near heritage sites are affected by archaeological fieldwork and findings, and to the complex interactions that local communities and national bodies have with international sponsors and universities, conservation agencies, development organizations, and NGOs. Whether discussing the toll of efforts to preserve biodiversity on South Africans living near Kruger National Park, the ways that UNESCO’s global heritage project universalizes the ethic of preservation, or the Open Declaration on Cultural Heritage at Risk that the Archaeological Institute of America sent to the U.S. government before the Iraq invasion, the contributors provide nuanced assessments of the ethical implications of the discursive production, consumption, and governing of other people’s pasts.

Contributors. O. Hugo Benavides, Lisa Breglia, Denis Byrne, Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh, Alfredo González-Ruibal, Ian Hodder, Ian Lilley, Jane Lydon, Lynn Meskell, Sandra Arnold Scham

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cover of Cultural Humility

Cultural Humility

David A. Hurley, Sarah R. Kostelecky, and Lori Townsend

American Library Association, 2022

This accessible and compelling Special Report introduces cultural humility, a lifelong practice that can guide library workers in their day-to-day interactions by helping them recognize and address structural inequities in library services.  

Cultural humility is emerging as a preferred approach to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts within librarianship. At a time when library workers are critically examining their professional practices, cultural humility offers a potentially transformative framework of compassionate accountability; it asks us to recognize the limits to our knowledge, reckon with our ongoing fallibility, educate ourselves about the power imbalances in our organizations, and commit to making change. This Special Report introduces the concept and outlines its core tenets. As relevant to those currently studying librarianship as it is to long-time professionals, and applicable across multiple settings including archives and museums, from this book readers will 

  • learn why cultural humility offers an ideal approach for navigating the spontaneous interpersonal interactions in libraries, whether between patrons and staff or amongst staff members themselves;
  • understand how it intersects with cultural competence models and critical race theory;
  • see the ways in which cultural humility’s awareness of and commitment to challenging inequitable structures of power can act as a powerful catalyst for community engagement;
  • come to recognize how a culturally humble approach supports DEI work by acknowledging the need for mindfulness in day-to-day interactions;
  • reflect upon cultural humility’s limitations and the criticisms that some have leveled against it; and
  • take away concrete tools for undertaking and continuing such work with patience and hope.
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cover of Ethics for Records and Information Management

Ethics for Records and Information Management

Norman A. Mooradian

American Library Association, 2018

The scope and reach of information, driven by the explosive growth of information technologies and content types, has expanded dramatically over the past 30 years. The consequences of these changes to records and information management (RIM) professionals are profound, necessitating not only specialized knowledge but added responsibilities. RIM professionals require a professional ethics to guide them in their daily practice and to form a basis for developing and implementing organizational policies, and Mooradian’s new book provides a rigorous outline of such an ethics. Taking an authoritative principles/rules based approach to the subject, this book comprehensively addresses

  • the structure of ethics, outlining principles, moral rules, judgements, and exceptions;
  • ethical reasoning, from meaning and logic to dilemmas and decision methods;
  • the ethical core of RIM, discussing key topics such as organizational context, the positive value of accountability, conflicts of interest, and confidentiality;
  • important ethical concerns like copyright and intellectual property, whistleblowing, information leaks, disclosure, and privacy; and
  • the relationship between RIM ethics and information governance.
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cover of Finding the Right Psychiatrist: A Guide for Discerning Consumers

Finding the Right Psychiatrist

A Guide for Discerning Consumers

Robert L. Taylor, M.D.

Rutgers University Press, 2014

Choosing a psychiatrist is complicated. If a person doesn’t know what to look for and the questions to ask, finding the right psychiatrist can be daunting.The goal is to find one who, while remaining a competent physician, is as comfortable and capable working with problems of the mind as he or she is prescribing psychiatric medications.   

Combining over forty years of experience as a practicing psychiatrist with an insider’s perspective of current psychiatric practice, Dr. Robert Taylor provides invaluable guidance to persons considering psychiatric treatment or contemplating a change of doctor in an effort to find better treatment.  Cautioning readers against settling for a psychiatrist who views psychodrugs as the treatment, Dr. Taylor provides specific suggestions for avoiding the growing number of psychiatrists who write scripts automatically.

In recent decades, psychiatric care has been overly reliant on psychodrugs. Patient diagnoses are being seriously questioned.  Finding the Right Psychiatrist encourages people to seek care from a complete psychiatrist—one able and willing to pursue matters of mind and brain/body, rather than settling on psychodrugs as the main treatment.

Throughout the book, readers learn about the proper uses and limits of psychiatric diagnosis. Dr. Taylor carefully outlines an individualized approach to psychiatric care guided more by a patient’s particular problems and situation than by diagnoses that often mislead more than help. He provides a realistic appraisal of psychiatric medications: what they can and cannot do as well, a discussion of mind work tools, traits of effective psychiatrists, suggestions for how to deal with common insurance company obstacles, and an explanation of the confusing politics of psychiatry.

An indispensable resource for anyone seeking psychiatric help or tasked with advising someone of what to look for in a doctor, Finding the Right Psychiatrist gives hope and guidance to those searching for complete and personalized care.

View a three minute video of Dr. Robert L. Taylor speaking about Finding the Right Psychiatrist.
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cover of Guide to Ethics in Acquisitions

Guide to Ethics in Acquisitions

Wyoma vanDuinkerken

American Library Association, 2015

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cover of Heroes and Scoundrels: The Image of the Journalist in Popular Culture

Heroes and Scoundrels

The Image of the Journalist in Popular Culture

Matthew C. Ehrlich and Joe Saltzman

University of Illinois Press, 2015

Whether it's the rule-defying lifer, the sharp-witted female newshound, or the irascible editor in chief, journalists in popular culture have shaped our views of the press and its role in a free society since mass culture arose over a century ago.
 
Drawing on portrayals of journalists in television, film, radio, novels, comics, plays, and other media, Matthew C. Ehrlich and Joe Saltzman survey how popular media has depicted the profession across time. Their creative use of media artifacts provides thought-provoking forays into such fundamental issues as how pop culture mythologizes and demythologizes key events in journalism history and how it confronts issues of race, gender, and sexual orientation on the job.
 
From Network to The Wire, from Lois Lane to Mikael Blomkvist, Heroes and Scoundrels reveals how portrayals of journalism's relationship to history, professionalism, power, image, and war influence our thinking and the very practice of democracy.
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cover of Hopeful Visions, Practical Actions: Cultural Humility in Library Work

Hopeful Visions, Practical Actions

Cultural Humility in Library Work

Edited by Sarah R. Kostelecky, Lori Townsend, and David A. Hurley

American Library Association, 2023

Cultural humility offers a renewing and transformative framework for navigating interpersonal interactions in libraries, whether between patrons and staff or staff members with one another. It foregrounds a practice of critical self-reflection and commitment to recognizing and redressing structural inequities and problematic power imbalances. This collection, the first book-length treatment of this approach in libraries, gathers contributors from across the field to demonstrate how cultural humility can change the way we work and make lasting impacts on diversity, equity, and inclusion in libraries. This book's chapters explore such topics as
  • how Indigenous adages can be tools for reflection and guidance in developing cultural humility;
  • the experiences of two Black librarians who are using cultural humility to change the profession;
  • new perspectives on core concepts of customer service;
  • rethinking policies and practices in libraries both large and small;
  • using cultural humility in approaching collection development and creating resource guides;
  • what cultural humility can look like for a tribal librarian working in a tribal college library; and
  • reflecting on cultural humility itself and where it is going.
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cover of Materia Medica: Black Women, White Doctors, and Spectacular Gynecology

Materia Medica

Black Women, White Doctors, and Spectacular Gynecology

Nicole N. Ivy

Duke University Press, 2026

In 1840, a young doctor named James Marion Sims established the surgery practice in Montgomery, Alabama at which he and his mentee, Nathan Bozeman, developed the field of gynecology through experimentation on black enslaved women. In Materia Medica, Nicole N. Ivy investigates how the bodies of the enslaved provided a physical terrain upon and through which white male fantasies of mastery, practice, and perfection could be played out. Through an interdisciplinary methodology that brings feminist historiography, critical race theory, visual culture studies, and literary studies to bear on the history of transatlantic slavery and medicine, Ivy places Sims’s and Bozeman’s clinic in the context of the flourishing antebellum slave market and demonstrates how black women were made to move as both currency and commodity through the circuit of medical knowledge production. Spanning nineteenth-century medical manuals to twenty-first-century creative works, Materia Medica ultimately considers what the memorials to Sims and the enslaved women he examined tells us about the challenges of representing difficult histories and reflects on artistic possibilities for historical reckoning.
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cover of Moral Stealth: How "Correct Behavior" Insinuates Itself into Psychotherapeutic Practice

Moral Stealth

How "Correct Behavior" Insinuates Itself into Psychotherapeutic Practice

Arnold Goldberg

University of Chicago Press, 2007

A psychiatrist writes a letter to a journal explaining his decision to marry a former patient. Another psychiatrist confides that most of his friends are ex-patients. Both practitioners felt they had to defend their behavior, but psychoanalyst Arnold Goldberg couldn’t pinpoint the reason why. What was wrong about the analysts’ actions? 

In Moral Stealth, Goldberg explores and explains that problem of “correct behavior.” He demonstrates that the inflated and official expectations that are part of an analyst’s training—that therapists be universally curious, hopeful, kind, and purposeful, for example—are often of less help than simple empathy amid the ambiguous morality of actual patient interactions. Being a good therapist and being a good person, he argues, are not necessarily the same. 

Drawing on case studies from his own practice and from the experiences of others, as well as on philosophers such as John Dewey, Slavoj Žižek, and Jürgen Habermas, Goldberg breaks new ground and leads the way for therapists to understand the relationship between private morality and clinical practice.

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cover of Morality, Responsibility, and the University: Studies in Academic Ethics

Morality, Responsibility, and the University

Studies in Academic Ethics

edited by Steven M. Cahn

Temple University Press, 1992

"[A] timely and important book.... These thoughtful essays surely will shape the debate about morality in higher education for years to come and provide guidance in the quest to improve the quality of campus Iife." --Ernest L. Boyer, President, Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching This book, the first of its kind, consists of fourteen original essays by noted American philosophers critically investigating crucial moral issues generated by academic life. The authors ask: What are the standards of conduct appropriate in class-rooms, departmental meetings, and faculty meetings, in grading students, evaluating colleagues, and engaging in research? "The need for appropriate, sustained, philosophical analyses and examinations of practical ethics dilemmas in academic life undoubtedly is required since the reporting of questionable conduct alone does little to resolve the problem. This book of essays provides a vehicle for beginning this sustained investigation." --Betty A. Sichel, Long Island University "The essays address neglected matters which not only should, but I believe will, be of interest to academics...and perhaps a few administrators, which would be a very good thing indeed." --Hans Oberdiek, Swarthmore College
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cover of Our Enduring Values Revisited: Librarianship in an Ever-Changing World

Our Enduring Values Revisited

Librarianship in an Ever-Changing World

Michael Gorman

American Library Association, 2015

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cover of Our Enduring Values: Librarianship in the 21st Century

Our Enduring Values

Librarianship in the 21st Century

Michael Gorman

American Library Association, 2000

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cover of Professional Ethics and Primary Care Medicine: Beyond Dilemmas and Decorum

Professional Ethics and Primary Care Medicine

Beyond Dilemmas and Decorum

Harmon L. Smith and Larry R. Churchill

Duke University Press, 1986

This volume moves beyond ethics as problem-solving or ethics as etiquette to offer a look at ethics in primary care—as opposed to life-or-death—medical care. Professional Ethics and Primary Care Medicine deals with the ethics of routine, day-to-day encounters between doctors and patients. It probes beneath the hard decisions to look at the moral frameworks, habits of thought, and customs of practice that underlie choices. Harmon Smith and Larry Churchill argue that primary care, far from being merely a setting for the rendering of care, provides a new understanding of both physician and patient, and thereby offers a fresh basis for medical ethics.
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cover of Reinventing Reference: How Public, Academic, and School Libraries Deliver Value in the Age of Google

Reinventing Reference

How Public, Academic, and School Libraries Deliver Value in the Age of Google

Vibiana Bowman Cvetkovic

American Library Association, 2014

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cover of Risqué Business: Breastaurants in American Culture

Risqué Business

Breastaurants in American Culture

Ty Matejowsky

University of Alabama Press, 2025

Risqué Business serves up the breastaurant industry, where food service, sex appeal, identity, and gender politics mix.

Risqué Business explores the rise and ongoing cultural reckoning of “breastaurants”: sports bar–style restaurants like Hooters and Twin Peaks, which have long relied on the sexualized presentation of female servers to attract a mostly straight, male clientele. Ty Matejowsky, professor of anthropology at the University of Central Florida, is uniquely positioned in America’s foundational, breastaurant-saturated landscape. From this vantage, he offers a well-balanced account that draws on pop culture, media analysis, and contemporary gender politics. He delivers a smart, layered analysis of how breastaurants commodify youth and femininity, uphold retrograde masculinity, and serve as symbolic battlegrounds in today's highly charged political environments including America's deeply polarized Red State/Blue State divide.

With case studies, cultural critique, and a critical lens on labor and sexuality, Matejowsky reveals how these restaurants are more than just risqué marketing gimmicks. They reflect deeper anxieties about gender, identity, and the uneasy fusion of sex and service in American consumer culture. Risqué Business is a high-spirited study of an industry that thrives at the intersection of appetite and identity.

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cover of Scientific Characters: Rhetoric, Politics, and Trust in Breast Cancer Research

Scientific Characters

Rhetoric, Politics, and Trust in Breast Cancer Research

Lisa Keränen

University of Alabama Press, 2010

Scientific Characters chronicles the contests over character, knowledge, trust, and truth in a politically charged scientific controversy that erupted after a 1994 Chicago Tribune headline: “Fraud in Breast Cancer Research: Doctor Lied on Data for Decade.” In the aftermath of this dramatic news, Dr. Bernard Fisher, the eminent oncologist and celebrated pioneer of breast cancer research, came under intense scrutiny following allegations that one of his investigators falsified data in landmark breast cancer research. Although he was eventually cleared of all wrongdoing, the controversy called into question the treatment decisions of tens of thousands of women, because Fisher’s research had demonstrated that lumpectomy and radiation were as effective as breast removal for early stage cancers—a finding that was hailed as revolutionary in women’s health care.
 
            Moving back and forth between news coverage, medical journals, letters to the editor, and oncology pamphlets, Lisa Keränen draws insights from rhetoric, literary studies, sociology, and science studies to analyze the roles of character in shaping the outcomes of the “Datagate” controversy. Throughout the scandal, debates about the character of Fisher and other key players endured, showing how scientific knowledge is shaped by perceptions of the personal temperament, trustworthiness, integrity, and transparency of those who produce it. As administrators, politicians, scientists, patients, journalists, and citizens attempted to make sense of what had happened, and to assess the integrity of the research, they raised questions, assigned blame, attributed responsibility, and reshaped the norms of scientific practice. Scientific Characters thusaddresses what happens when scientists, patients, and advocates are called to defend themselves in public concerning complex technical matters with direct implications for human life. In assessing the rhetoric that animated Datagate, Scientific Characters sheds light on the challenges faced by scientists and citizens as science becomes more bureaucratized, dispersed, and accountable to varied publics.
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cover of Spoils of the Kingdom: Clergy Misconduct and Religious Community

Spoils of the Kingdom

Clergy Misconduct and Religious Community

Anson Shupe

University of Illinois Press, 2006

In Spoils of the Kingdom, Anson Shupe investigates clergy misconduct as it has recently unfolded across five faith-based groups. Looking at episodes of abuse in the Roman Catholic, Mormon, African American Protestant, white Evangelical Protestant, and First Nations communities, Spoils of the Kingdom tackles hard questions not only about the sexual abuse of women and children, but also about economic frauds perpetrated by church leaders (including embezzlement, mis-represented missions, and outright theft) as well as cases of excessively authoritarian control of members’ health, lifestyles, employment, and politics.
 
Drawing on case evidence, Shupe employs classical and modern social exchange theories to explain the institutional dynamics of clergy misconduct. He argues that there is an implicit contract of reciprocity and compliance between congregants and religious leaders that, when amplified by the charismatic awe often associated with religious authorities, can lead to misconduct.
 
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cover of The Calling of Education: "The Academic Ethic" and Other Essays on Higher Education

The Calling of Education

"The Academic Ethic" and Other Essays on Higher Education

Edward Shils

University of Chicago Press, 1997

Throughout his long and prolific career, Edward Shils brought an extraordinary knowledge of academic institutions to discussions about higher education. The Calling of Education features Shils's most illuminating and incisive writing on this topic from the last twenty-five years of his life. The first essay, "The Academic Ethic," articulates the unique ethical demands of the academic profession and directs special attention to the integration of teaching and research. Other pieces, including Shils's renowned Jefferson lectures, focus on perennial issues in higher learning: the meaning of academic freedom, the connection between universities and the state, and the criteria for appointing individuals to academic positions.

Edward Shils understood the university as a great symphonic conductor comprehends the value of each instrument and section, both separately and in cooperation. The Calling of Education offers Shils's insightful perspective on problems that are no less pressing than when he first confronted them.

Edward Shils (1910-1995) was distinguished service professor in the Committee on Social Thought and the department of sociology at the University of Chicago. Among his many books published by the University of Chicago Press are Portraits: A Gallery of Intellectuals and the three-volume Selected Papers of Edward Shils.
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cover of The Librarian Stereotype: Deconstructing Perceptions And

The Librarian Stereotype

Deconstructing Perceptions And

Miriam Rigby

Assoc of College & Research Libraries, 2014

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cover of The Socially Responsive Self: Social Theory and Professional Ethics

The Socially Responsive Self

Social Theory and Professional Ethics

Larry May

University of Chicago Press, 1996

Larry May argues that socially responsive individuals need not be self-sacrificing or overly conscientious. According to May, a person's integrity and moral responsibility are shaped and limited not just by conscience but also by socialization and moral support from the communities to which he or she belongs.

Applying his theory of responsibility to professional ethics, May contends that current methods of professional socialization should be changed so that professionals are not expected to ignore considerations of personal well-being, family, or community. For instance, lawyers should not place client loyalty above concerns for the common good; doctors should not place the physical well-being of patients above their mental and spiritual well-being; scientists and engineers should not feel obliged to blow the whistle on fraud and corruption unless their professional groups protect them from retaliation.

This book should prove provocative reading for philosophers, political scientists, social theorists, professionals of many stripes, and ethicists.
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cover of True Stories of Censorship Battles in America's Libraries

True Stories of Censorship Battles in America's Libraries

Valerie Nye

American Library Association, 2012

Intellectual freedom is a core value of librarianship, but fighting to keep controversial materials on the shelves can sometimes feel like a lonely battle. And not all censorship controversies involve the public objecting to a book in the collection—libraries are venues for displays and meetings, and sometimes library staff themselves are tempted to preemptively censor a work. Those facing censorship challenges can find support and inspiration in this book, which compiles dozens of stories from library front lines. Edifying and enlightening, this collection

  • Tells the stories of librarians who withstood difficult circumstances to champion intellectual freedom
  • Touches on prickly issues such as age-appropriateness, some librarians' temptation to preemptively censor, sensitive cultural expressions, and criminality in the library
  • Presents case studies of defenses that were unsuccessful, so librarians facing similar challenges can learn from these defeats

There are fewer situations more stressful in a librarian's professional life than being personally confronted with a demand to remove a book from the shelves or not knowing how to respond to other kinds of censorship challenges. Reading this book will help fortify and inform those in the fray.

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cover of Wolves within the Fold: Religious Leadership and Abuses of Power

Wolves within the Fold

Religious Leadership and Abuses of Power

Shupe, Anson

Rutgers University Press, 1998

Wolves within the Fold is the first collection of new articles dealing with abuse of authority by religious leaders and the victimization of their parishioners.

The power of religion as a symbolic, salvationÐpromising enterprise resides in its authority to create and shape reality for believers and command their obedience. This power can inspire tremendous acts of human kindness, charity, compassion, and hope. But witch hunts, inquisitions, crusades, and pogroms show us how religious authority can be used for far darker purposes. This abuse of power by religious authorities at the expense of their followers is termed clergy malfeasance by editor Anson Shupe and examined by the contributors to Wolves within the Fold.

The essays provide an innovative examination of behavior that is sometimes illegal and always unethical, sometimes punished but often not. Topics range from a cultural study of Aum Shinrikyo, the Japanese apocalyptic group now infamous for releasing lethal gas into the Tokyo subway system, to a sociological analysis of financial scandals among evangelical religious groups. Groups analyzed include the Roman Catholic Church, Protestant denominations, televangelists, and the Hare Krishnas.

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cover of Working, Shirking, and Sabotage: Bureaucratic Response to a Democratic Public

Working, Shirking, and Sabotage

Bureaucratic Response to a Democratic Public

John Brehm and Scott Gates

University of Michigan Press, 1999

Bureaucrats perform most of the tasks of government, profoundly influencing the daily lives of Americans. But who, or what, controls what bureaucrats do?
John Brehm and Scott Gates examine who influences whether federal, state, and local bureaucrats work, shirk, or sabotage policy. The authors combine deductive models and computer simulations of bureaucratic behavior with statistical analysis in order to assess the competing influences over how bureaucrats expend their efforts. Drawing upon surveys, observational studies, and administrative records of the performance of public employees in a variety of settings, Brehm and Gates demonstrate that the reasons bureaucrats work as hard as they do include the nature of the jobs they are recruited to perform and the influence of both their fellow employees and their clients in the public. In contrast to the conclusions of principal-agency models, the authors show that the reasons bureaucrats work so hard have little to do with the coercive capacities of supervisors.
This book is aimed at students of bureaucracy and organizations and will be of interest to researchers in political science, economics, public policy, and sociology.
"This book is breathtaking in its use of models and techniques. . . . The approach developed by Brehm and Gates allows us to re-open empirical questions that have lain dormant for years." --Bryan D. Jones, University of Washington
John Brehm is Associate Professor of Political Science, Duke University. Scott Gates is Associate Professor of Political Science, Michigan State University.
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