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Since 1979 the Crime and Justice series has presented important developments in the criminal justice system that enhance the work of sociologists, psychologists, criminal lawyers, justice scholars, and political scientists. Crime and Justice offers an interdisciplinary approach to core issues in criminology, with perspectives from biology, law, psychology, ethics, history, and sociology.

Volume 32 covers criminal justice issues, with a careful balance of research, theory, and practice. Topics in this volume include: environmental crime, the effects of wrongful imprisonment, the assessment of macro-level predictors and theories of crime, ethnic differences in intergenerational crime patterns, sentencing guidelines in Minnesota from 1978 to 2003, and the results of five decades of neutralization research.

Contributors:
Heith Copes
Francis T. Cullen
Richard S. Frase
Adrian Grounds
Shadd Maruna
Travis C. Pratt
Aaron S. Routhe
Neal Shover
David J. Smith

Volume 32 of the NBER Macroeconomics Annual features six theoretical and empirical studies of important issues in contemporary macroeconomics, and a keynote address by former IMF chief economist Olivier Blanchard. In one study, SeHyoun Ahn, Greg Kaplan, Benjamin Moll, Thomas Winberry, and Christian Wolf examine the dynamics of consumption expenditures in non-representative-agent macroeconomic models. In another, John Cochrane asks which macro models most naturally explain the post-financial-crisis macroeconomic environment, which is characterized by the co-existence of low and nonvolatile inflation rates, near-zero short-term interest rates, and an explosion in monetary aggregates. Manuel Adelino, Antoinette Schoar, and Felipe Severino examine the causes of the lending boom that precipitated the recent U.S. financial crisis and Great Recession. Steven Durlauf and Ananth Seshadri investigate whether increases in income inequality cause lower levels of economic mobility and opportunity. Charles Manski explores the formation of expectations, considering the efficacy of directly measuring beliefs through surveys as an alternative to making the assumption of rational expectations. In the final research paper, Efraim Benmelech and Nittai Bergman analyze the sharp declines in debt issuance and the evaporation of market liquidity that coincide with most financial crises. Blanchard’s keynote address discusses which distortions are central to understanding short-run macroeconomic fluctuations.

The history of data brings together topics and themes from a variety of perspectives in history of science: histories of the material culture of information and of computing, the history of politics on individual and global scales, gender and women’s history, as well as the histories of many individual disciplines, to name just a few of the areas covered by essays in this volume. But the history of data is more than just the sum of its parts. It provides an emerging new rubric for considering the impact of changes in cultures of information in the sciences in the longue durée, and an opportunity for historians to rethink important questions that cross many of our traditional disciplinary categories. 
 

This special issue of boundary 2 undertakes the task of rethinking comparison studies in the humanities and social sciences in light of globalization and the shrinking importance of the nation-state, which have had the effect of diminishing the importance of national boundaries that more often than not had once defined the limits of many disciplines.

The six research studies in Volume 32 of Tax Policy and the Economy analyze the U.S. tax and transfer system, in particular its effects on revenues, expenditures, and economic behavior. First, James Andreoni examines donor advised funds, which are financial vehicles offered by investment houses to provide savings accounts for tax-free charitable giving, and weighs their effects on donations against their tax cost. Second, Caroline Hoxby analyzes the use of tax credits by students enrolled in online post-secondary education. Third, Alex Rees-Jones and Dmitry Taubinsky explore taxpayers’ psychological biases that lead to incorrect perceptions and understanding of tax incentives. Fourth, Jeffrey Clemens and Benedic Ippolito investigate the implications of block grant reforms of Medicaid for receipt of federal support by different states. Fifth, Andrew Samwick examines means-testing of Medicare and federal health benefits under the Affordable Care Act. Sixth, Bruce Meyer and Wallace Mok study the incidence and effects of disability among U.S. women from 1968 to 2015, examining the impacts of disability on income, consumption, and public transfers.

The Collected Letters of Thomas and Jane Welsh Carlyle offer a window onto the lives of two of the Victorian world’s most accomplished, perceptive, and unusual inhabitants. Scottish writer and historian Thomas Carlyle and his wife, Jane Welsh Carlyle, attracted to them a circle of foreign exiles, radicals, feminists, revolutionaries, and major and minor writers from across Europe and the United States. The collection is regarded as one of the finest and most comprehensive literary archives of the nineteenth century.

Volume 32 covers the period from October 1856 to July 1857. During this time, Jane is beset with a succession of illnesses, while Thomas prepares the first two books of his massive History of Frederick the Great for publication and labors on his publisher's proposed new "cheap" edition of his works. The "Indian mutiny," the bombardment of Canton, and a dissolution of the British Parliament also feature in this volume. In addition to its 168 richly annotated letters, many published here for the first time, volume 32 includes two appendixes: (1) advertisements in the Athenaeum for the "cheap edition" from December 1856 to December 1858 and (2) a transcription of Thomas Carlyle's marginal comments on a borrowed copy of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Aurora Leigh.

The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, founded July 1, 1978, at Clare Hall, Cambridge University, was established by the American scholar, industrialist, and philanthropist Obert Clark Tanner. Lectureships are awarded to outstanding scholars or leaders in broadly defined fields of human values and transcend ethnic, national, religious, or ideological distinctions. Volume 32 features lectures given during the academic year 2011–2012 at the University of Michigan; Princeton University; Stanford University; the University of California, Berkeley; the University of Utah; and Yale University. This volume includes the following lectures:

John Broome, “The Public and Private Morality of Climate Change”
John Broome is the Whites Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford and a fellow of Corpus Christi College in Oxford. He has written six books.

John M. Cooper, “Ancient Philosophies as Ways of Life”
John Cooper is the Henry Putnam University Professor of Philosophy at Princeton University. His books include Pursuits of Wisdom: Six Ways of Ancient Philosophy from Socrates to Plotinus and Panentheism: The Other God of the Philosophers.

Stephen Greenblatt, “Shakespeare and the End of Life History”
Stephen Greenblatt is the John Cogan University Professor of the Humanities at Harvard University. He is the author of several books, including the 2012 Pulitzer Prize–winning The Swerve: How the World Became Modern and Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare.

Lisa Jardine, “The Sorcerer’s Apprentice: C. P. Snow and J. Bronowski” and “Science and Government: C. P. Snow and the Corridors of Power”
Lisa Jardine is a professor of Renaissance studies at University College London, where she is the director of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in the Humanities and the Centre for Editing Lives and Letters. She has published more than fifty scholarly articles and seventeen books, including Going Dutch: How England Plundered Holland’s Glory.

Samuel Scheffler, “The Afterlife”
Samuel Scheffler is University Professor and a professor of philosophy and law at New York University. He has published four books in the areas of moral and political philosophy, including Equality and Tradition.

Abraham Verghese, “Two Souls Intertwined”
Abraham Verghese is a professor of medicine and senior associate chair for the Theory and Practice of Medicine at Stanford University. He has published widely across disciplines, including My Own Country: A Doctor’s Story and the novel Cutting for Stone. He is perhaps best known for his deep interest in bedside medicine and work in the medical humanities.

Histories of economic thought have generally focused on the development of economic theory, notably value and distribution. The activity of applying economic theory to the understanding of particular situations and the solution of specific problems, though a part of the work of economists for several generations, has received relatively little attention from historians of economics. Toward a History of Applied Economics explores such themes as changes in the historical conception of applied economics and its relationship to the “core” of economic theory, the emergence and decline of applied fields, and issues of applying general theoretical tools and concepts to real-world problems.

This is the 2000 supplement to the journal History of Political Economy. All 2000 subscribers will receive a copy of this book as part of their annual subscription.