Contents
List of Figures: xi
List of Tables: xv
Acknowledgments: xvii
Preface: xix
I. Introduction and Overview
1. Tracking a Century of International Crisis by Kyle Beardsley, Patrick James, and Jonathan Wilkenfeld: 3
2. Historical and Emerging Trends in International Crisis Behavior by Kyle Beardsley and Jonathan Wilkenfeld: 24
Summary of Section I by Patrick James: 52
II. The State of the Field— IIa. System Level
3. Alliances, Coalitions, and International Crisis by Daina Chiba and Yuan Zhuang: 61
4. Forced Migration Crises: A Rising Danger in World Politics by Hemda Ben-Yehuda and Rami Goldstein: 84
IIb. Dyadic Level: 107
5. Economic Interdependence and International Crises by Yuleng Zeng and Ali Isgandarov: 109
6. Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence in International Crises by Kyungwon Suh: 125
7. Protracted Conflict and Crisis Escalation by Luba Levin-Banchik: 149
IIc. State Level: 173
8. Diversionary Theory and Crises in World Politics by Emizet F. Kisangani and Jeffrey Pickering: 175
9. Crisis Type Matters: Implications for Ethnicity and the Democratic Peace by Meirav Mishali-Ram and Hemda Ben-Yehuda: 195
10. Leaders, Regime Type, and International Crises by Yi Edward Yang and Jonathan Keller: 213
Summary of Section II by Patrick James: 226
III. New Findings— IIIa. System Level: 231
11. Civil Wars and the Clustering and Contagion of International Crises by Mehmet Erdem Arslan and Kristian Skrede Gleditsch: 233
12. A Review of International Organizations and International Crises by Yun Jung Yang and Zorzeta Bakaki: 251
IIIb. Dyadic Level: 273
13. Near Crisis Dynamics in the Shadow of Nuclear Weapons by Edward Gonzalez, Miriam Barnum, and Patrick James: 275
14. Cultural Influences on Mediation in International Crises by Molly Inman: 294
15. Mediation Styles and Crises Recurrence by Constantin Ruhe: 319
IIIc. State Level: 343
16. Exogenous Factors and the Bargaining Process in International Crises by Vesna Danilovic and Joe Clare: 345
17. What Is Escalation? Measuring Crisis Dynamics in International Relations with Human- and LLM-Generated Event Data by Rex W. Douglass, Erik Gartzke, Jon R. Lindsay, J. Andrés Gannon, and Thomas Leo Scherer: 372
18. Escalation Management in Gray Zone International Crises by Jonathan Wilkenfeld and Egle E. Murauskaite: 395
19. Deterrence in the Early Stages of Crisis by Kyle Beardsley, Jonathan Wilkenfeld, Phuong Pham, Corinne DeFrancisci, Diana Partridge, and Megan Rutter: 418
Summary of Section III by Patrick James: 441
IV. Summing Up and Moving Forward: 447
20. A Systemist Mapping of a Century of Crisis by Patrick James: 449
References: 463
Contributors: 519
Index: 525