Six writers, four in America and two in France, have collaborated to assess the present condition and future potential of France with comprehensiveness, clarity, and depth. Over the last decade, the French economy has acquired competitive confidence, and is growing rapidly; the familiar image of France as economically “retarded” is no longer valid. Social change has included a rising birth rate, a transformation of the family, a resurgence of religion. In foreign policy, France has largely adapted itself to the new facts of international life. The authors, however, are not sanguine about the political system; France, in Stanley Hoffmann’s words, “is surrounded by the ruins of the old political system and does not know how to get to the new.”

Laurence Wylie’s remarkably warm and human account of life in the rural French village he calls Peyrane vividly depicts the villagers themselves within the framework of a systematic description of their culture. Since 1950, when Wylie began his study of Peyrane, to which he has returned on many occasions since, France has become a primarily industrial nation—and French village life has changed in many ways. The third edition of this book includes a fascinating new chapter based on Wylie’s observations of Peyrane since 1970, with discussions of the Peyranais’ gradual assimilation into the outside world they once staunchly resisted, the flux of the village population, and the general transformation in the character of French rural communities.