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In scholarly study of the New Testament and early Christian rhetoric, one key element is often overlooked: the sublime. To address this omission, contributors to this volume explore how the awe-inspiring, dislocating, and sometimes horrifying language that characterizes sublime rhetoric exerts cognitive, emotional, and physiological force on its audiences, transporting them to new realities as they go along. The essays lay a foundation for scholars and students to identify and interpret sublime rhetoric in biblical literature. Contributors include Murray J. Evans, Alan P. R. Gregory, Christopher T. Holmes, Roy R. Jeal, Harry O. Maier, Erika Mae Olbricht, Thomas H. Olbricht†, Vernon K. Robbins, and Jonathan Thiessen.

Exploring the Mesoamerican Subterranean Realm brings together recent work and interpretations on the use of underground cavities by Mesoamerica’s pre-Columbian cultures, demonstrating their invaluable cultural purpose. Case studies from across the region investigate the ways in which these highly charged points in the sacred landscape were the focus of countless political and religious activities.

The volume expands the study of caves to focus on the broader realm of subterranean space, introducing the concept of the constructed subterranean, a space in which the Maya deliberately created sacred landmarks through excavation. Chapters critically examine chultuns, previously thought to be subterranean storage chambers, and sascaberas, previously considered mines, demonstrating that the traditional archaeological models are deeply flawed. A wealth of data on both features is used to envision a new sacred landscape filled with thousands of subterranean sacred landmarks. Natural caves are also examined; a survey conducted around the ancient site of Yaxchilan considers the obvious importance of large stalagmites set up in the site core as monuments. Long-distance pilgrimages to these caves fundamentally reevaluates the nature of pilgrimage and reveals an economic and political importance that structured settlement and activities around the pilgrimage sites. Finally, evidence is analyzed to show that the human bones recovered from Midnight Terror Cave, Belize, were the result of human sacrifice.

Dealing equally with the archaeology of both natural and constructed subterranean spaces, Exploring the Mesoamerican Subterranean Realm challenges preconceived notions of these spaces and their meanings, dramatically shifting the field’s focus and extending the understanding of the critical importance of this “dark side” of archaeology.

This is a book about the nature of the reality or the phenomenon referred to as “law” by lawyers and legal officials, but also by members of communities living under law, to the extent that they conceptualize the realm of “law” as something sufficiently distinguishable from other different or broader realities and phenomena. The book belongs to the legal-philosophical field dedicated to the study of the very nature of law, that is, to the most basic or abstract part of the philosophy of law, which is sometimes referred to as “the philosophy of philosophy of law” or “general jurisprudence.” The scope of the book is to explore the essential features of law’s nature, namely, all those realities that pertain to law’s essence, the properties that make law into what it is. Despite the fact of plurality of legal-philosophical conceptions of law circulating in legal theory today, the book is optimistic about the very prospect of exploring the nature of law. It maintains that law has an essence and that it is possible to explore and describe this unique essence in an intelligible and reasonably detailed fashion, by identifying the basic elements of law’s ontology. The book advances the claim that Aquinas’s account of legal ontology denotes the most accurate understanding of the phenomenon that we call “law”—which the Angelic Doctor referred to as ius, constituted as such on the basis of the various manifestations of lex. Aquinas’s approach to understanding law’s nature that can be labeled “Thomistic juridical realism” and it may be categorized as a version of a natural-law theory of law. The book argues that a contemporary reading of Aquinas may indeed fruitfully contribute to an improved understanding of our present-day legal-philosophical analyses and discussions on the nature of law.

Though not all people are religious believers, religion has played important historic roles in developing political systems, parties, and policies—affecting believers and nonbelievers alike. This is particularly true in the United States, where scholars have devoted considerable attention to a variety of political phenomena at the intersection of religious belief and identity, including social movements, voting behavior, public opinion, and public policy. These outcomes are motivated by “identity boundary-making” among the religiously affiliated. The contributors to this volume examine two main factors that influence religious identity: the communication of religious ideas and the perceptions of people (including elites) in communicating said ideas.

Exploring the Public Effects of Religious Communication on Politics examines an array of religious communication phenomena. These include the media’s role in furthering religious narratives about minority groups, religious strategies that interest groups use to advance their appeal, the variable strength of Islamophobia in cross-national contexts, what qualifies as an “evangelical” identity, and clergy representation of religious and institutional teachings. The volume also provides ways for readers to think about developing new insights into the influence religious communication has on political outcomes.

The Exposition of the Apocalypse by Tyconius of Carthage (fl. 380) was pivotal in the history of interpretation of the Book of Revelation. While expositors of the second and third centuries viewed the Apocalypse of John, or Book of Revelation, as mainly about the time of Antichrist and the end of the world, in the late fourth century Tyconius interpreted John’s visions as figurative of the struggles facing the Church throughout the entire period between the Incarnation and the Second Coming of Christ. Tyconius’s “ecclesiastical” reading of the Apocalypse was highly regarded by early medieval commentators like Caesarius of Arles, Primasius of Hadrumetum, Bede, and Beatus of Liebana, who often quoted from Tyconius’s Exposition in their own Apocalypse commentaries. Unfortunately no complete manuscript of the Exposition by Tyconius has survived. A number of recent scholars, however, believed that a large portion of his Exposition could be reconstructed from citations of it in the aforementioned early medieval writers; and this task was undertaken by Monsignor Roger Gryson. Gryson’s edition, a reconstruction of the Expositio Apocalypseos of Tyconius, was published in 2011 in Corpus Christianorum Series Latina. The present translation of that reconstructed text, with introduction and notes, exhibits Tyconius’s unique non-apocalyptic approach to the Book of Revelation. It also shows that throughout the Exposition Tyconius made use of interpretive rules that he had laid out in an earlier work on hermeneutics, the Book of Rules, strongly suggesting that Tyconius wrote his Exposition as a companion to his Book of Rules. Thus, the Exposition served as an exemplar of how those rules would apply to interpretation of even the most intriguing of biblical texts, the Apocalypse.

In volume 1 of his cutting-edge two-volume commentary, Dale F. Launderville relies on the Hebrew, Old Greek, Aramaic, Syriac, and Latin texts of Ezekiel to produce a fresh translation of the first twenty-four chapters. Each passage is followed by interpretive sections that emphasize the history of reception, explaining how the text of Ezekiel has sparked the imagination of subsequent thinkers, writers, and artists. Each chapter concludes with a section of commentary dedicated to a historical-critical examination of the canonical text. Readers will become more equipped to interpret Ezekiel and more confident in their understanding of Old Testament prophecy and its relevance to contemporary issues in church and society. This is an essential resource for ministers, seminary students, and teachers of biblical studies courses.