Marine areas offer substantial wind and solar resources, with the additional advantage of avoiding local acceptance challenges. The power generated from offshore and floating wind and solar farms needs to be managed, transported and connected to the shoreside grids, with an eye on power quality and the supply of system support services. This requires both power electronics equipment, as well as storage units, installed in proximity to the offshore generation, on artificial islands. Several organisations are currently planning or developing such offshore energy hubs, artificial islands or floating structures, offering wind energy distribution connections, housing power electronics, HV connectors, spare parts and repair facilities, as well as storage units or electrolysers.

• Chapter 1: Introduction
• Chapter 2: Civil works for energy hubs
• Chapter 3: Renewable generation and system support services
• Chapter 4: Offshore storage and green hydrogen technologies
• Chapter 5: HVAC and HVDC technology for offshore energy hubs
• Chapter 6: Offshore energy hub topologies
• Chapter 7: Economic, market and policy aspects
• Chapter 8: Techno-economic implications of multi-country offshore networks in the North Sea
• Chapter 9: Economics and market impacts of offshore power hubs in the North Sea
• Chapter 10: Energy hubs in the Baltic Sea
• Chapter 11: Power-to-X integration in the North and Baltic Seas
• Chapter 12: Design and analysis of offshore energy hubs in a US context
• Chapter 13: Stability analysis of an offshore multi-energy system
• Chapter 14: Black start capability from offshore wind power plants
• Chapter 15: Conclusions and future challenges