With the integration of more distributed or aggregated renewables, and the wide utilization of power electronic devices, modern power systems are facing new stability and security challenges, such as the weakly damped oscillation caused by wind farms connected through long distance transmission lines, the frequency stability problem induced by the reduction of inertia and the voltage stability issue resulting from the interactions between transmission systems and dynamic loads.

Control often follows predictions: predictive control has been highly successful in producing robust and practical solutions in many real-life, real-time applications. Adaptive prediction covers a variety of ways of adding 'intelligence' to predictive control techniques. Many different groups, with widely varying disciplinary backgrounds and approaches, are tackling the same problem from different angles; these groups are sometimes unaware of alternative approaches from other disciplines.

With contributions from leading names in the area, this book expands on several aspects of computational electromagnetics and advanced numerical techniques with cutting-edge applications, and proposes guidelines for the optimised design of several contemporary structures. As well as standard techniques, the authors cover many other time-domain schemes, including ADI, polynomial chaos, stochastic methods, enhanced curvilinear implementations and novel GPU/CUDA realisations. For researchers in electromagnetics and related areas.

With the rapid growth of wind energy worldwide, challenges in the operation and control of wind turbine systems are becoming increasingly important. These affect all parts of the system, and require an integrated approach to optimize safety, cost, integrity and survivability of the system, while retaining the desired performance quality.

Fog computing is a decentralized computing infrastructure in which computing resources are located between the data source and the cloud or any other data centers. The word "fog" refers to its cloud-like properties, which are closer to the "ground", using edge devices that carry out locally computation, storage and communication tasks. An additional benefit is that the processed data is likely to be needed by the same devices that generated the data. By processing locally rather than remotely, the latency between input and response are minimized. This technology has countless application domains such as industrial process control, smart cities, transportation, healthcare and agriculture.

The cross-section method is an analytical tool used in the design of components required for low-loss, highly efficient transmission of electromagnetic waves in nonuniform waveguides. When the waveguide dimensions are large compared with the wavelength, a fully three-dimensional analysis employing modern numerical methods based on finite element, finite difference, finite integration or transmission line matrix formalisms is practically impossible and the cross-section method is the only feasible analysis technique.

The global economy requires globalized movement of goods. Freight transport operations need to be efficient, productive, safe and secure, clean and green. The use of ICT and ITS (intelligent transport systems) are addressing these challenges by developing more rapid, more reliable and more precisely timed strategies for freight transport.

People mean business and most professionals know how important it is to get on well with others.

This book treats the phenomena associated with the propagation of short radio waves between terminal points, whether they be the radar antenna serving a dual purpose or the antennas of a communications system. The intention is to present a summary of the state of knowledge in the microwave propagation field at the close of the war. There has been no attempt to produce either a handbook or textbook, but only an interim report on a rapidly changing subject. An attempt has been made to survey all relevant information that was available, from whatever source, and to summarise as much of it as was feasible.

First designed to generate personalized recommendations to users in the 90s, recommender systems apply knowledge discovery techniques to users’ data to suggest information, products, and services that best match their preferences. In recent decades, we have seen an exponential increase in the volumes of data, which has introduced many new challenges.

First designed to generate personalized recommendations to users in the 90s, recommender systems apply knowledge discovery techniques to users’ data to suggest information, products, and services that best match their preferences. In recent decades, we have seen an exponential increase in the volumes of data, which has introduced many new challenges.

This timely volume combines experimental and theoretical research on big data recommender systems to help computer scientists develop new concepts and methodologies for complex applications. It includes original scientific contributions in the form of theoretical foundations, comparative analysis, surveys, case studies, techniques and tools. The authors give special attention to key topics such as data filtering and cleaning techniques for recommendations, novelty and diversity, privacy issues, security threats and their mitigation, trust, cold start, sparsity, scalability, application domains, and recommender system evaluations.

Shared vehicles are a key part of any future intelligent and clean transport system, as they can allow for the sharing and potentially more efficient use of transport resources and fuel. Shared mobility has been gaining attention in the private and public sectors as a possible strategy for taming auto ownership, vehicle miles/kilometers travelled, and emissions.

The fields of Big Data and the Internet of Things (IoT) have seen tremendous advances, developments, and growth in recent years. The IoT is the inter-networking of connected smart devices, buildings, vehicles and other items which are embedded with electronics, software, sensors and actuators, and network connectivity that enable these objects to collect and exchange data. The IoT produces a lot of data. Big data describes very large and complex data sets that traditional data processing application software is inadequate to deal with, and the use of analytical methods to extract value from data. This edited book covers analytical techniques for handling the huge amount of data generated by the Internet of Things, from architectures and platforms to security and privacy issues, applications, and challenges as well as future directions.

In the highly capital-intensive electricity supply industry, it is essential that both engineers and managers understand the methodologies of project evaluation in order to comprehend and analyse investment proposals and decisions. This updated and expanded edition of Economic Evaluation of Projects in the Electricity Supply Industry takes a broad introductory approach, covering planning and investment, financial analysis and evaluation, risk management, electricity trading, and strategies, technologies, national requirements and global agreements for electricity generation in a carbon-constrained world.

In the highly capital-intensive electricity supply industry, it is essential that both engineers and managers understand the methodologies of project evaluation in order to comprehend and analyse investment proposals and decisions. This fully revised and updated edition of Economic Evaluation of Projects in the Electricity Supply Industry (1996) takes a broad introductory approach, covering market and environmental issues, financial analysis and evaluation, and clean environmental technologies and costs. New topics include electricity trading and risk management, evolving electricity utilities and new and future generation technologies in a carbon-constrained world.

What is radar? What systems are currently in use? How do they work? Understanding Radar Systems provides engineers and scientists with answers to these critical questions, focusing on actual radar systems in use today. It's the perfect resource for those just entering the field or a quick refresher for experienced practitioners. The book leads readers through the specialized language and calculations that comprise the complex world of modern radar engineering as seen in dozens of state-of-the-art radar systems. The authors stress practical concepts that apply to all radar, keeping math to a minimum. Most of the book is based on real radar systems rather than theoretical studies. The result is a valuable, easy-to-use guide that makes the difficult parts of the field easier and helps readers do performance calculations quickly and easily.

Portable Biosensors and Point-of-Care Systems describes the principles, design and applications of a new generation of analytical and diagnostic biomedical devices, characterized by their very small size, ease of use, multi-analytical capabilities and speed to provide handheld and mobile point-of-care (POC) diagnostics.

Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a cleaner mode of personal transportation and a new way to store energy, but also present challenges to the grid due to additional distributed storage and load. With rising numbers of EVs on the streets, problems can include voltage limits violation or line congestion, mainly at the distribution level. All those operating devices in the grid, from network operators/managers to EVs owners, need fast communication with low latency, high security and reliability. The book addresses EVs as a driving source for realizing smart grid operation. It provides chapters from multidisciplinary academic and industry communities related to EVs charging schemes and technologies, and its associated communication, networking and information architectures.

Hydropower is a mature and cost-competitive renewable energy source, contributing the bulk of global renewable electricity. Over the past decades, computer technology has led to significant possible improvements in monitoring, diagnostics, protection and control through retrofitting of large plants, and there is potential for additional large plants as well as for smaller installations.

Phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide time synchronized measurements of phase angles of voltages or currents. These synchrophasors are used in electricity grids to support planning and operation. In the past decade, transmission network planners and grid operators have been using PMUs for monitoring applications. Improvements are still needed to realise the full potential of PMU data for more complex power systems with distributed renewables and increased loads. Challenges related to noise and higher frequency components from various dynamic behaviours of grid components, including electric vehicles, are prevalent.

This new book from Richard Klemm, author of the highly successful Principles of Space-time Adaptive Processing (IEE,2002), examines the various applications of space-time adaptive processing including applications in OTH-radar, ground target tracking, STAP in real world clutter environments, jammer cancellation, superresolution, active sonar, seismics and communications. Including contributions from distinguished international authors, the book provides a unique overview of the field of space-time procesing. The book is divided in two parts; the first dealing with the classical adaptive suppression of airbourne and space based radar clutter and the second comprising of miscellaneous applications in other fields such as communications, underwater sound and seismics.

This third edition of Principles of Space-Time Adaptive Processing provides a detailed introduction to the fundamentals of space-time adaptive processing, with emphasis on clutter suppression in airborne or spacebased phased array radar, covering specifically the principles of airborne or spacebased MTI radar for detection of slow moving targets for use in the fields of earth observation, surveillance and reconnaissance, with special attention paid to clutter rejection techniques.

Novel Radar Techniques and Applications presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts. Each section gives an overview of the latest research and perspectives of the future, and includes a number of chapters dedicated to specific techniques in conjunction with existing operational, experimental or conceptual applications.

Novel Radar Techniques and Applications presents the state-of-the-art in advanced radar, with emphasis on ongoing novel research and development and contributions from an international team of leading radar experts.

Agrivoltaics, also called agri-photovoltaics, deploys PV modules on top of agricultural fields. The modules not only generate clean energy, but also shield crops from intense sun, drought or wind erosion. The market potential in EU-27 alone is estimated to be 1.024 GWp if only 3% of the arable land is used for agri-PV. Interest is swiftly growing amongst scientists, policy makers, and within the farming and energy industries. The challenges lie in the construction of the PV system, choice and ecology of crops, and sowing and harvesting techniques.

Radar cross section (RCS) is a comparison of two radar signal strengths. One is the strength of the radar beam sweeping over a target, the other is the strength of the reflected echo sensed by the receiver. This book shows how the RCS gauge can be predicted for theoretical objects and how it can be measured for real targets. Predicting RCS is not easy, even for simple objects like spheres or cylinders, but this book explains the two exact forms of theory so well that even a novice will understand enough to make close predictions. Weapons systems developers are keenly interested in reducing the RCS of their platforms. The two most practical ways to reduce RCS are shaping and absorption. This book explains both in great detail, especially in the design, evaluation, and selection of radar absorbers. There is also great detail on the design and employment of indoor and outdoor test ranges for scale models or for full-scale targets (such as aircraft). In essence, this book covers everything you need to know about RCS, from what it is, how to predict and measure, and how to test targets (indoors and out), and how to beat it.

This book covers recent achievements in the area of advanced analytical and associated numerical methods as applied to various problems arising in all branches of electromagnetics. The unifying theme is the application of advanced or novel mathematical techniques to produce analytical solutions or effective analytical-numerical methods for computational electromagnetics addressing more general problems.

Segmenting the environment surrounding an autonomous vehicle into coherently moving regions is a vital first step towards intelligent autonomous navigation. Without this temporal information, navigation becomes a simple obstacle avoidance scheme that is inappropriate in highly dynamic environments such as roadways and places where many people congregate.

Traffic flow prediction is key aspect of intelligent transport systems such as traffic management systems, adaptive traffic control systems and traffic information services systems. Experiences have been made with traffic flow prediction modules. But a book is lacking to discuss latest results of traffic flow prediction technology. This book brings together the latest research on methods of traffic flow prediction and their applications, and provides a comprehensive reference book for transportation researchers and engineers.

Model-based predictive control (MPC) has proved to be a fertile area of research. It has gained enormous success within industry, especially in the context of process control. Nonlinear model-based predictive control (NMPC) is of particular interest as this best represents the dynamics of most real plant. This book collects together the important results which have emerged in this field, illustrating examples by means of simulations on industrial models. In particular there are contributions on feedback linearisation, differential flatness, control Lyapunov functions, output feedback, and neural networks. The international contributors to the book are all respected leaders within the field, which makes for essential reading for advanced students, researchers and industrialists in the field of control of complex systems.

Cooperative networks/relaying is a fundamental design approach that has been used to reduce path-loss and fading effects in conventional wireless communication systems. This book describes the use of this approach in new and emerging telecommunications technologies and new application areas.

Resilience in Wireless Networks is the first book to cover this topic at an advanced level. It provides a unified view of the latest research and illustrates the issues, challenges and solutions currently under discussion. The book divides wireless networks into infrastructure and ad hoc topologies and considers the resilience of each separately.

This book is an introduction to some of the most important properties of electromagnetic waves and their interaction with passive materials and scatterers. The main purpose of the book is to give a theoretical treatment of these scattering phenomena, and to illustrate numerical computations of some canonical scattering problems for different geometries and materials. The scattering theory is also important in the theory of passive antennas, and this book gives several examples on this topic.

Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) is a much-talked about term in the transportation industry and in transport policy. The goal of MaaS is a shift away from personally-owned modes of transportation and towards mobility solutions that are consumed as a service. Such solutions are typically enabled by digital technologies and platforms. MaaS systems might combine transportation services from public and private transportation providers, like train and carsharing services, through a unified portal to create and manage journeys, which users can pay for with a single account. MaaS offers travellers mobility solutions based on their travel needs.

To obtain the full value from instrumentation, users require familiarity with a number of basic concepts and an understanding of how those building blocks relate to one another. In this book, Nihal Kularatna provides an introduction to the main families of instruments for students and professionals who have to carry out practical work in electronics and measurement. For each family he covers internal design, use and applications, highlighting their advantages and limitations from a practical application viewpoint.

A major use of practical predictive analytics in medicine has been in the diagnosis of current diseases, particularly through medical imaging. Now there is sufficient improvement in AI, IoT and data analytics to deal with real time problems with an increased focus on early prediction using machine learning and deep learning algorithms. With the power of artificial intelligence alongside the internet of 'medical' things, these algorithms can input the characteristics/data of their patients and get predictions of future diagnoses, classifications, treatment and costs.

This edited book explores the field of quantum computing and machine learning for medical data processing. Topics such as security, transparency, data integrity, big data and applications in drug discovery, precision in diagnostics and precision medicine, are explored.

Power electronics converters are devices that change parameters of electric power, such as voltage and frequency, as well as between AC and DC. They are essential parts of both advanced drives, for machines and vehicles, and energy systems to meet required flexibility and efficiency criteria. In energy systems both stationary and mobile, control and converters help ensure reliability and quality of electric power supplies.

Power electronics converters are devices that change parameters of electric power, such as voltage and frequency, as well as between AC and DC. They are essential parts of both advanced drives, for machines and vehicles, and energy systems to meet required flexibility and efficiency criteria. In energy systems both stationary and mobile, control and converters help ensure reliability and quality of electric power supplies.

As enterprise access networks evolve with a larger number of mobile users, a wide range of devices and new cloud-based applications, managing user performance on an end-to-end basis has become rather challenging. Recent advances in big data network analytics combined with AI and cloud computing are being leveraged to tackle this growing problem. AI is becoming further integrated with software that manage networks, storage, and can compute.

Cloud Computing has already been embraced by many organizations and individuals due to its benefits of economy, reliability, scalability and guaranteed quality of service among others. But since the data is not stored, analysed or computed on site, this can open security, privacy, trust and compliance issues. This one-stop reference covers a wide range of issues on data security in Cloud Computing ranging from accountability, to data provenance, identity and risk management.