Victim of the Muses: Poet as Scapegoat, Warrior and Hero in Greco-Roman and Indo-European Myth and History
by Todd Merlin Compton
Harvard University Press, 2006 Paper: 978-0-674-01958-4 Library of Congress Classification PA3005.C66 2006 Dewey Decimal Classification 809.93352
ABOUT THIS BOOK | TOC
ABOUT THIS BOOK
This book probes the narratives of poets who are exiled, tried or executed for their satire. Aesop, fabulist and riddle warrior, is assimilated to the pharmakos--the wretched human scapegoat who is expelled from the city or killed in response to a crisis--after satirizing the Delphians.
In much the same way, Dumezil's Indo-European heroes, Starkathr and Suibhne, are both warrior-poets persecuted by patron deities. This book views the scapegoat as a group's dominant warrior, sent out to confront predators or besieging forces. Both poets and warriors specialize in madness and aggression, are necessary to society, yet dangerous to society.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................................................tk
Part I: Greece
1-The Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 1
2-Aesop: Satirist as Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 16
3-Archilochus: Sacred Obscenity and Judgment 36
4-Hipponax: Creating the Pharmakos 53
5-Homer: The Trial of the Rhapsode 63
6-Hesiod: Consecrate Murder 69
7-Shadows of Hesiod: Divine Protection and Lonely Death 80
8-Sappho: The Barbed Rose 88
9-Alcaeus: Poetry, Politics, Exile 98
10-Theognis: Faceless Exile 106
11-Tyrtaeus: The Lame General 112
12-Aeschylus: Little Ugly One 123
13-Euripides: Sparagmos of an Iconoclast 128
14-Aristophanes: Satirist versus Politician 136
15-Socrates: The New Aesop 147
16-Victim of the Muses: Mythical Poets 159
Part II: Indo-European Context
17-Kissing the Leper: The Excluded Poet in Irish Myth 182
18-The Stakes of the Poet: Starka_r/Suibhne 207
19-The Sacrificed Poet: Germanic Myths 241
Part III: Rome
20-"Wounded by Tooth that Drew Blood": The Beginnings of Satire in Rome 256
21-Naevius: Dabunt malum Metelli Naevio poetae 262
22-Cicero Maledicus, Cicero Exul 268
23-Ovid: Practicing the Studium Fatale 280
24-Phaedrus: Another Fabulist 287
25-Seneca, Petronius, and Lucan: Neronian Victims 291
26-Juvenal: The Burning Poet 298
Part IV: Conclusions
27-Transformations of Myth: The Poet, Society, and the Sacred 303
Epilogue 314
Appendices:
A-Poetry, Aggression, Ritual 316
B-Aggression and the Defensive Topos: Archilochus, Callimachus, Horace 322
C-Themes 333
Abbreviations and Bibliography......................................................................................................337
Index...................................................................................................................................................tk
Victim of the Muses: Poet as Scapegoat, Warrior and Hero in Greco-Roman and Indo-European Myth and History
by Todd Merlin Compton
Harvard University Press, 2006 Paper: 978-0-674-01958-4
This book probes the narratives of poets who are exiled, tried or executed for their satire. Aesop, fabulist and riddle warrior, is assimilated to the pharmakos--the wretched human scapegoat who is expelled from the city or killed in response to a crisis--after satirizing the Delphians.
In much the same way, Dumezil's Indo-European heroes, Starkathr and Suibhne, are both warrior-poets persecuted by patron deities. This book views the scapegoat as a group's dominant warrior, sent out to confront predators or besieging forces. Both poets and warriors specialize in madness and aggression, are necessary to society, yet dangerous to society.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................................................tk
Part I: Greece
1-The Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 1
2-Aesop: Satirist as Pharmakos in Archaic Greece 16
3-Archilochus: Sacred Obscenity and Judgment 36
4-Hipponax: Creating the Pharmakos 53
5-Homer: The Trial of the Rhapsode 63
6-Hesiod: Consecrate Murder 69
7-Shadows of Hesiod: Divine Protection and Lonely Death 80
8-Sappho: The Barbed Rose 88
9-Alcaeus: Poetry, Politics, Exile 98
10-Theognis: Faceless Exile 106
11-Tyrtaeus: The Lame General 112
12-Aeschylus: Little Ugly One 123
13-Euripides: Sparagmos of an Iconoclast 128
14-Aristophanes: Satirist versus Politician 136
15-Socrates: The New Aesop 147
16-Victim of the Muses: Mythical Poets 159
Part II: Indo-European Context
17-Kissing the Leper: The Excluded Poet in Irish Myth 182
18-The Stakes of the Poet: Starka_r/Suibhne 207
19-The Sacrificed Poet: Germanic Myths 241
Part III: Rome
20-"Wounded by Tooth that Drew Blood": The Beginnings of Satire in Rome 256
21-Naevius: Dabunt malum Metelli Naevio poetae 262
22-Cicero Maledicus, Cicero Exul 268
23-Ovid: Practicing the Studium Fatale 280
24-Phaedrus: Another Fabulist 287
25-Seneca, Petronius, and Lucan: Neronian Victims 291
26-Juvenal: The Burning Poet 298
Part IV: Conclusions
27-Transformations of Myth: The Poet, Society, and the Sacred 303
Epilogue 314
Appendices:
A-Poetry, Aggression, Ritual 316
B-Aggression and the Defensive Topos: Archilochus, Callimachus, Horace 322
C-Themes 333
Abbreviations and Bibliography......................................................................................................337
Index...................................................................................................................................................tk