Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Contents
Figures and Tables
Summary
Acknowledgments
Abbreviations
CHAPTER ONE. Introduction
Counternarcotics and Countering Transnational Organized Crime
Destabilizing Effects of Transnational Criminal Networks
Criminalized States and Criminal Insurgencies
The U.S. Army’s Role in Combating Transnational Criminal Networks
Road Map to the Report
Transnational Criminal Network Activities and Their Drivers
Organizational Form: Integration Across Tasks
The Value Chain Approach to Transnational Criminal Network Structures
Transaction Costs and the Economics of Organization
Bridging Theory and Practice
Illegal Drug Infrastructure in Source Countries
Venezuela: A Key Drug Transit Platform
CHAPTER FOUR. The Mexican Supply Chain
Main Players
Impact on National Stability
Weaknesses in Mexico’s Counternetwork Response
CHAPTER FIVE. Central America: The Retreat of the State and the Expansion of Illicit Power Centers
Transportista Networks
Transnational Gangs
Impact on National Stability
Counternetwork Efforts in Central America
Weakness in Central America’s Counternetwork Response
CHAPTER SIX. The Trans-Atlantic Route: South America to West Africa
Main Players
Impact on National and Regional Stability
Counternetwork Efforts in West Africa
Weaknesses in the West African Counternetwork Response
CHAPTER SEVEN. Convergence of Organized Crime and Terrorism
United States Northern Command
United States Southern Command
United States Africa Command
U.S. Governmentwide–Level Conclusions and Recommendations
U.S. Army Roles in Countering Transnational Criminal Networks
APPENDIX. Authorities and Policies for Countering Transnational Organized Crime
References