The United States is accustomed to accepting waves of migrants who are fleeing oppressive conditions and political persecution in their home countries. But in the 1960s and 1970s, the flow of migration reversed as over fifty thousand Americans fled across the border to Canada to resist military service during the Vietnam War or to escape their homeland’s hawkish society. 
 
Unguarded Border tells their stories and, in the process, describes a migrant experience that does not fit the usual paradigms. Rather than treating these American refugees as unwelcome foreigners, Canada embraced them, refusing to extradite draft resisters or military deserters and not even requiring passports for the border crossing. And instead of forming close-knit migrant communities, most of these émigrés sought to integrate themselves within Canadian society. 
 
Historian Donald W. Maxwell explores how these Americans in exile forged cosmopolitan identities, coming to regard themselves as global citizens, a status complicated by the Canadian government’s attempts to claim them and the U.S. government’s eventual efforts to reclaim them. Unguarded Border offers a new perspective on a movement that permanently changed perceptions of compulsory military service, migration, and national identity. 
 

DONALD W. MAXWELL is an assistant professor of history at Indiana State University. Having always lived in the center of a state in the center of the country, he has always been fascinated with borders.
 

​Contents
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Chapter 1: Escaping over the Border: The Americans Who Went to Canada
Chapter 2: The Welcome Mat Is Spread All along the Border: How Americans Found Their Way to Canada
Chapter 3: Religion and Politics at the Border: Canadian Church Support for American Vietnam War Resisters 
Chapter 4: “Knowledge has no national character”: Americans in Canadian Universities and the Movement of Ideas over the U.S.-Canadian Border
Chapter 5: “These are the things you gain if you make our country your country”: Defining Citizenship along the U.S.-Canadian Border in the 1970s
Chapter 6: American Vietnam War–Era Émigrés and the Blurring of Borders
Appendix
Bibliography
Index